PSI - Issue 77

4

Ercan Işik et al./ Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2026) 000 – 000

Ercan Işik et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 77 (2026) 465 – 474

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Fig. 4. Slip of reinforcement examples

RC columns, the use of ribbed longitudinal reinforcements and plain transverse reinforcements negatively affect the combined behavior of these reinforcements under loads, leading to insufficient anchoring and adversely impacting the expected functions of the reinforcements. Examples of damage observed in columns with ribbed longitudinal reinforcements and plain transverse reinforcements are shown in Figure 5.

Fig. 5. Usage of different types of reinforcement in transverse and longitudinal reinforcements.

3. Numerical Analysis Considering the field observations and damage examples from the earthquake-affected region, it can be stated that the primary reason is the spacing of transverse reinforcement. In this context, structural analyses have been performed for a sample RC structure, considering different transverse reinforcement spacing in columns and beams. A six-story reinforced concrete (RC) building has been modeled to reveal the impact of various parameters related to transverse reinforcements on structural earthquake performance. The 2D and 3D models of the selected RC building are shown in Figure 6. Structural analyses were conducted using the Seismostruct (Seismosoft, 2025). Each frame span was chosen to be 5m in the X and Y directions.