PSI - Issue 77

Alexander Backa et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 77 (2026) 143–151 A. Backa et al. / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2026) 000 – 000

150 8

Fig. 7. Plotted measurements for temperature (left) and PM concentration (right) in XZ plane.

4. Conclusion Temperature, influenced by factors such as fuel composition, air supply, and combustion efficiency, was shown to significantly impact PM generation. Further research is needed to fully understand the complex interplay between these factors and their effects on PM formation (Obaidullah et al., 2012). To gain a more comprehensive understanding of the spatial distribution of PM and temperature, it is recommended to expand the measurement area to encompass a larger volume of the combustion chamber. The linear regression equation derived in this study offers a preliminary tool for estimating PM concentrations at specific locations within the combustion chamber based on temperature measurements. However, it should be noted that this model is constrained by the specific conditions of the present experiment and may not be universally applicable. Future research should aim to refine and validate this model under a broader range of operating conditions. Gaining a deeper understanding of PM formation and distribution within small-scale pellet burners is essential to develop strategies for mitigating emissions and improving combustion efficiency. This research contributes to ongoing efforts to reduce air pollution and promote sustainable energy solutions. Refining burner design through geometric and airflow modifications has the potential to achieve more stable combustion and reduce emission variability. Furthermore, by utilizing the present experimental data, the accuracy of CFD models in predicting combustion dynamics can be improved. This work thus provides key insights into biomass combustion, supporting future advancements in cleaner and more environmentally friendly energy technologies. Acknowledgements Funded by the EU NextGenerationEU through the Recovery and Resilience Plan for Slovakia under the project No. 09I03-03-V04-00725. References Backa, A., Čajová Kantová, N., Nosek, R., Patsch, M., 2025a. Evaluating the combustion of various biomass pellets in a small heat source with underfeed pellet burner: Heat output, gas emission and ash melting behavior. Journal of the Energy Institute 118, 101936. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JOEI.2024.101936 Backa, A., Nosek, R., Kantová, N.Č., Sładek, S., 2025b. Spatial distribution of emissions, temperatures, and particulate matter in a combustion zone of a pellet boiler. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 73, 106631. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CSITE.2025.106631 Drobniak, A., Jelonek, Z., Mastalerz, M., Jelonek, I., 2022. Residential Gasification of Solid Biomass Influence of Raw Material on Emissions. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.4286187