Issue 76

M. A. Pascal, Fracture and Structural Integrity, 76 (2026) 49-66; DOI: 10.3221/IGF-ESIS.76.04

high oxygen content or sulfide concentrations promote oxidation or sulfide corrosion mechanisms. Moreover, pressure, velocity, and pH also affect physical and chemical interactions at the material surface, potentially amplifying erosion corrosion (E-C) effects [23]. Fig. 2 illustrates the effects of pH and temperature on corrosion rate, showing higher corrosion rates at lower pH values and elevated temperatures from the model.

Figure 2: Environmental influence on corrosion rates from the physics-based model (a) Corrosion rate versus pH. (b) Corrosion rate versus temperature.

T RAINING Dataset

T

his case study examines a corroded horizontal pressure vessel made of low-alloy steel (09G2s) operating in an industrial water environment. Wall thickness measurements were collected at 24 inspection points using ultrasonic testing (UT) from 2002 to 2008. The UT method provided reliable thickness data at designated grid points, as illustrated in Fig. 3.

Figure 3: Vessel inspection points.

Section Shell 1 Shell 2

Inspection Points

Section

Inspection Points

1, 2, 18

Nozzle A1 Nozzle N1 Nozzle N2 Nozzle N3 Nozzle N4

12 11 13 16 17

3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 19, 20, 21

E Head 1 F Head 2 Nozzle A2

9, 14, 15 22, 23, 24

10

Table 1: Inspection points clusters.

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