Issue 75

A. Casaroli et alii, Fracture and Structural Integrity, 75 (2026) 179-199; DOI: 10.3221/IGF-ESIS.75.13

The simulation results, shown in Fig. 18, highlight that the first area to deform is always the one underneath the punch (zone D), regardless of the steel type and lubrication methods. At the beginning of the test, it is necessary to create a cap that reproduces the spherical shape of the punch.

Figure 16: Comparison between the experimentally measured deformations (solid lines) and those predicted by the FEM simulation (dashed lines). To allow comparison between the different experimental conditions, the position of the measurements has been normalized with respect to the length of the deformed zone between one of the two blank holders and the apex of the spherical cap. Position 1 indicates the apex of the cap, while position 0 indicates the blank holder. The image only considers the half of the cap not affected by the crack.

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