PSI - Issue 73

Lucie Malíková et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 73 (2025) 94–99 Author name / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2025) 000–000

98

5

Nevertheless, other both mechanical and economical aspects need to be considered during the design and assessment of concrete structures with embedded steel anchors.

Fig. 4. Dependences of the angle where the tangential stress reaches its maximum (  max ) on the outer anchor’s radius R 2 for various critical distances R C = 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mm and the anchor’s embedment length (a) L em = 50 mm and (b) L em = 250 mm. 4. Conclusions FE analysis of concrete cone failure has been performed. Tangential stress distribution at the corner of an embedded steel anchor subjected to tensile loading was investigated in order to find the direction where this stress reaches its maximum. Several selected geometrical parameters were varied to obtain a set of results and analyse the influence of specific parameters. Generally, it was proven that the geometry of the steel anchor can have a significant influence on the stress distribution in the concrete around the anchor and consequently on the shape of the typical concrete cone failure. Qualitatively, the angles obtained from the presented numerical study are in accordance with experimental observations. It was found that not only a deeper embedment of the anchor but also its larger outer radius can be more advantageous in terms of the circumferential crack propagation angle. In other words, the larger the mentioned parameters, the lower the angle of the concrete cone defined by the maximum tangential stress and higher fracture resistance of the whole system against failure. These conclusions can be included together with other factors for designing and assessment of anchored concrete structures. Further extensions and more advance approaches are intended within this topic. Data Availability The data used in this study is available at (ZENODO repository): 10.5281/zenodo.15517857. Acknowledgements This paper was created as part of the project No. CZ.02.01.01/00/22_008/0004631 “Materials and technologies for sustainable development” within the Jan Amos Komensky Operational Program financed by the European Union and from the state budget of the Czech Republic. Financial support from the Czech Science Foundation (project No. 25-15755S) is also gratefully acknowledged. References Bokor, B., Sharma, A., Hofmann, J., 2019. Experimental investigations on concrete cone failure of rectangular and non-rectangular anchor groups, Engineering Structures 188, 202–217. Elfgren, L., Eligehausen, R., Rots, J.G., 2001. Anchor bolts in concrete structures: summary of round robin tests and analysis arranged by RILEM TC 90-FMA: fracture mechanics of concrete-applications. Materials and Structures 34 (8), 451–457.