PSI - Issue 73

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ScienceDirect

Procedia Structural Integrity 73 (2025) 87–93 Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2025) 000–000 Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2025) 000–000

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23rd International Conference on Modelling in Mechanics 2025 Numerical modelling of 3D printed atypical glass-steel components Barbora Kˇristkova´ a, ∗ , V´ıt Kˇrivy´ a , Miroslav Vacek a,b a Department of Structures, Faculty of Civil Engineering VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, L. Podeste 1875, Poruba, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic b Department of Structural Mechanics, Faculty of Civil Engineering VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, L. Podeste 1875, Poruba, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic Abstract With the increasing demands of modern architecture, glass is becoming an increasingly common construction material, which has an irreplaceable place thanks to its transparency. One of the most problematic areas in the design of glass structures is the connection between the individual elements of the structure. The linear fixings used in the past have been replaced, mainly for aesthetic reasons, by more subtle systems of point joints. There are two main basic types of point connections for glass structures, namely mechanical and adhesive. Although glass structures are widely used, the design of their connections is still based on the knowledge of the designer and the results of experiments. Atypical glass-steel structural details are challenging to manufacture and one possible solution could be additive manufacturing by 3D printing metal parts of the joints. 3D printing of metal parts can simplify the production of details that may not be constrained by previously known shapes. New, more aesthetic or organic shapes can be created. However, the modeling of 3D printed features has its own specificity that are not identical to the traditional numerical modeling of conventional steel. Exploring the field of metal 3D printed structural components in glass-steel details can significantly contribute to the variability and safety of glass structure design. © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http: // creativecommons.org / licenses / by-nc-nd / 4.0 / ) Peer-review under responsibility of 23rd International Conference on Modelling in Mechanics 2025 organizers. Keywords: 3D modeling; glass point detail; spider fitting 23rd International Conference on Modelling in Mechanics 2025 Numerical modelling of 3D printed atypical glass-steel components Barbora Kˇristkova´ a, ∗ , V´ıt Kˇrivy´ a , Miroslav Vacek a,b a Department of Structures, Faculty of Civil Engineering VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, L. Podeste 1875, Poruba, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic b Department of Structural Mechanics, Faculty of Civil Engineering VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, L. Podeste 1875, Poruba, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic Abstract With the increasing demands of modern architecture, glass is becoming an increasingly common construction material, which has an irreplaceable place thanks to its transparency. One of the most problematic areas in the design of glass structures is the connection between the individual elements of the structure. The linear fixings used in the past have been replaced, mainly for aesthetic reasons, by more subtle systems of point joints. There are two main basic types of point connections for glass structures, namely mechanical and adhesive. Although glass structures are widely used, the design of their connections is still based on the knowledge of the designer and the results of experiments. Atypical glass-steel structural details are challenging to manufacture and one possible solution could be additive manufacturing by 3D printing metal parts of the joints. 3D printing of metal parts can simplify the production of details that may not be constrained by previously known shapes. New, more aesthetic or organic shapes can be created. However, the modeling of 3D printed features has its own specificity that are not identical to the traditional numerical modeling of conventional steel. Exploring the field of metal 3D printed structural components in glass-steel details can significantly contribute to the variability and safety of glass structure design. © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http: // creativecommons.org / licenses / by-nc-nd / 4.0 / ) Peer-review under responsibility of 23rd International Conference on Modelling in Mechanics 2025 organizers. Keywords: 3D modeling; glass point detail; spider fitting © 2025 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the event organizers

1. Introduction 1. Introduction

Metal 3D printing is known as an additive manufacturing process, which is used mainly in machinery industry (1). In civil engineering, there is generally not much application of 3D metal printing in general (2) (3). The complex architectural geometry of the glass point holder can open up new approaches to design the details of the construction of glass structures (4) (5). The use of 3D printing metals to design atypical details for glass facades will be the one possible solution to use 3D printing in civil engineering and to fully use the potential of 3D printing (6) (7). Metal 3D printing is known as an additive manufacturing process, which is used mainly in machinery industry (1). In civil engineering, there is generally not much application of 3D metal printing in general (2) (3). The complex architectural geometry of the glass point holder can open up new approaches to design the details of the construction of glass structures (4) (5). The use of 3D printing metals to design atypical details for glass facades will be the one possible solution to use 3D printing in civil engineering and to fully use the potential of 3D printing (6) (7).

∗ Barbora Kˇristkova´. Tel.: + 420 703 641 089. E-mail address: barbora.kristkova@vsb.cz ∗ Barbora Kˇristkova´. Tel.: + 420 703 641 089. E-mail address: barbora.kristkova@vsb.cz

2452-3216 © 2025 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the event organizers 10.1016/j.prostr.2025.10.014 2210-7843 © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http: // creativecommons.org / licenses / by-nc-nd / 4.0 / ) Peer-review under responsibility of 23rd International Conference on Modelling in Mechanics 2025 organizers. 2210-7843 © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http: // creativecommons.org / licenses / by-nc-nd / 4.0 / ) Peer-review under responsibility of 23rd International Conference on Modelling in Mechanics 2025 organizers.