Issue 72

M. A. M. Khalil, Fracture and Structural Integrity, 72 (2025) 263-279; DOI: 10.3221/IGF-ESIS.72.19

f f Ultimate compressive strength of GFRP I-section f y The yield strength of steel P n Axial load at the maximum α Ratio of average stress in rectangular compression block to the specified concrete strength ε c Strain in the concrete at reaching the maximum strength η Reduction factor for the high strength concrete for the rectangular stress distribution ϕ c Resistance factor for concrete and equal to 1.0 for laboratory conditions ϕ s Resistance factor for steel and equal to 1.0 for laboratory conditions ε o Strain at the ultimate cylinder compressive strength f c '

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