PSI - Issue 71

Manas Samantaray et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 71 (2025) 348–356

349

1. Introduction A review of the available literature was carried out over the last ten years to recognize the research activities that are taking place worldwide about new composites for waste textile reuse. References to the use of textile composites are described below: Nomenclature W 1.1. Background Umar, M. et al. (2017) focused on using textile waste as a reinforcement to develop textile waste composite and found its mechanical properties like tensile, bending and impact. They also compared these properties with other fibre composite like glass. Masood Z. et al. (2018) used textile waste (cotton and jute) and glass fibre to develop a hybrid composite. The tensile and flexural properties of the composite were found to be lower than the glass fibre composite. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis revealed that textile waste materials can be included with virgin material in the reinforcing component to reduce costs while maintaining optimal mechanical qualities. Baccouch, W. et al. (2020) studied the enhancement of the fibre-matrix interface of cotton waste-reinforced composite panels using chemical treatment. Cotton fibres were treated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution at three concentrations (0.5 M, 1 M, and 1.5 M) and three soaking durations (1 hour, 3 hours, and 5 hours). The result showed improved interfacial adhesion and compatibility between fibre and matrix, which resulted in significant increases in young modulus, up to 270% for reinforcements and 70% for composite materials, compared to untreated materials. Muller M. (2016) used the waste material from the tyre recycling process, and the developed composite materials showed an improvement in impact strength, tensile lap-shear strength and adhesive bond elongation (to 2.5% vol.). The textile micro filler reduced the tensile strength and elongation of adhesives. M. Indulka et al. (2010) developed a composite by reinforcing banana/sisal fibre using different volume fractions. Tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, and flexural modulus all demonstrated a favorable hybrid effect when the fibre volume ratio was adjusted in the hybrid composites at each fibre loading level. The highest tensile strength was reported in composites with a volume ratio of banana and sisal 3:1. Consumer demand for ecologically friendly items has increased in recent years, driven by green marketing, recycling requirements and altering societal attitudes. This has resulted in a desire for items derived from renewable resources. Concurrently, advances in automobile industry have been made in response to the high weight and low strength of the materials. Historically, animal hides, wood, metal and metal composites were utilised in automative industries. Modern automobile interior parts employ layered composites, which usually include hard layers and soft layers to absorb residual energy and avoid harm. Polymer and natural fibre composites are becoming increasingly popular but composite from textile waste would be a good alternative for the inner part of automative sectors. Recycling textile waste into composite materials provides a novel option, especially for the automobile sector, which is always looking for lightweight, cost-effective, and ecological components. 1.2. Tables This research investigates the feasibility of employing textile waste composites in automotive applications, covering the materials utilized, production techniques, mechanical qualities and environmental advantages. Some of f Final weight of the specimen W i Initial weight of the specimen M t Mass water content at time t M ∞ T Thickness of the sample Diffusion coefficient Mass of equilibrium water content D