PSI - Issue 71

Ritesh Kumar et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 71 (2025) 364–371

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metals provide better impact resistance due to their ductility. Therefore, the selection of materials, particularly FGMs, is based on achieving the best balance between toughness, thermal efficiency, and mechanical performance for a given application.

Fig. 10 Stress ̅̅̅ versus ̅

Fig. 11 Stress ̅̅̅̅ versus ̅

Fig. 13 von Mises ̅̅̅̅̅̅ versus ̅

Fig. 12 Displacement ̅ versus ̅

Conclusion

When considering the free-free boundary condition and solving the differential equation with variable coefficients the radial stress is zero at the root and tip of the disk and maximum at the center. The magnitude of tangential stress is maximum at the inner surface for the negative grading parameter and minimum at the outer surface, but for the positive grading parameter magnitude of tangential stress is minimum at the inner surface and maximum at the outer surface of the disk. For = 1 and 2 , the variation of tangential and von Mises stress becomes constant through the radial coordinate of the disk. Thus, the analysis shows for certain values of grading indices the stresses are unaffected by thermo-mechanical loading. Attaining such a phenomenon is important to prevent disk failures which usually occur at the tip because of high-induced stresses. With the constant stress state, the performance of the rotating disk can be improved further because the yield strength of the disk changes with location and a constant strength disk can be rotated to a much higher speed. References Abdalla, H. M. A., Casagrande, D., and Moro, L. 2020. Thermo-mechanical analysis and optimization of functionally graded rotating disks. The Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design, 55(5 – 6), 159 – 171. Allam, M. N. M., Tantawy, R., and Zenkour, A. M. 2018. Thermoelastic stresses in functionally graded rotating annular disks with variable thickness. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 1029. Çallioğlu, H., Bektaş, N. B., and Sayer, M. 2011. Stress analysis of functionally graded rotating discs: analytical and numerical solutions. Acta Mechanica Sinica, 27(6), 950 – 955. Demirbaş, M. D., Ekici, R., and Apalak, M. K. 2020. Thermoelastic analysis of temperature-dependent functionally graded rectangular plates using finite element and finite difference methods. Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures, 27(9), 707 – 724. https://doi.org/10.1080/15376494.2018.1494871 Durodola, J. F., and Attia, O. 2000. Deformation and stresses in functionally graded rotating disks. Composites Science and Technology, 60(7), 987 – 995. Ebrahimi, F., Ghasemi, F., and Salari, E. 2016. Investigating thermal effects on vibration behavior of temperature-dependent compositionally graded Euler beams with porosities. Meccanica, 51(1), 223 – 249. Eslami, M. R., Babaei, M. H., and Poultangari, R. 2005. Thermal and mechanical stresses in a functionally graded thick sphere. International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, 82(7), 522 – 527. Gong, J.-F., Ming, P.-J., Xuan, L.-K., and Zhang, W.-P. 2014. Thermoelastic analysis of three-dimensional functionally graded rotating disks based on finite volume method. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 228(4), 583 – 598. Kurşun, A., and Topçu, M. 2013. Thermal Stress Analysis of Functionally Graded Disc with Variable Thickness Due to Linearly Increasing