PSI - Issue 71

Sphurty Raman et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 71 (2025) 409–416

415

3.5 4 4.5 5

y = -0.1115x + 4.642 R² = 0.9755

3.8 3.9 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6

y = -0.3884x + 7.732 R² = 0.9911

y = -0.11x + 4.6367 R² = 0.9408

MIX

8.1

8.6

9.1

9.6

10.1

Flexural Strength (MPa) Estimated Flexural Strength (MPa) Linear (Flexural Strength (MPa)) Linear (Estimated Flexural Strength (MPa))

WATER ABSORPTION %

FLEXURAL STRENGTH (MPA)

FLEXURAL STRENGTH (MPA)

Flexural Strength (MPa) Linear (Flexural Strength (MPa))

Fig. 12 Correlation between Flexural Strength and Water Absorption

Fig. 13 Comparison of Actual vs. Estimated Flexural Strength Across Mix Designs

4.6

4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5

y = -0.2291x + 6.3516 R² = 0.9969

y = -0.0658x + 4.5286 R² = 0.9755

4.4

4.2

y = -0.0654x + 4.5273 R² = 0.9619

4

8.2

8.7

9.2

9.7

MIX Split Tensile Strength (MPa)

WATER ABSORPTION %

Fig. 15 Comparison of Actual vs. Estimated Split Tensile Strength Across Mix Design Estimated Split Tensile Strength (MPa) Linear (Split Tensile Strength (MPa)) Linear (Estimated Split Tensile Strength (MPa))

SPLIT TENSILE STRENGTH (MPA)

SPLIT TENSILE STRENGTH (MPA)

Split Tensile Strength (MPa) Linear (Split Tensile Strength (MPa))

Fig. 14 Relationship Between Split Tensile Strength and Water Absorption

Figures 10-15 illustrate the impact of varying WGP content with 40% RCA on concrete strength and water absorption. Compressive strength shows a strong inverse relationship with water absorption (r = -0.99862), accurately predicted by the model CS = 52.5646 - 2.2248*WA. Flexural and split tensile strengths exhibit similar negative correlations (r = -0.99554 and r = -0.99846, respectively). As WGP content increases, water absorption rises while all strength measures decline. These findings emphasize the importance of water absorption as a key indicator for strength estimation and underscore the need for optimizing sustainable concrete mixtures to balance environmental benefits with structural performance. 4. Conclusions This study investigated the effects of Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) and Waste Glass Powder (WGP) on concrete properties, yielding valuable insights for sustainable concrete design: 1. RCA incorporation up to 40% maintains acceptable strength for many applications, despite moderate decreases in mechanical properties. 2. Increasing RCA content leads to consistent declines in compressive, flexural, and split tensile strengths, with 60% RCA resulting in approximately a 26% reduction across all strength parameters. 3. Adding WGP to mixtures with 40% RCA further impacts concrete properties, with 25% WGP offering a balance between sustainability and performance. 4. Water absorption increases significantly with RCA content (up to 113% at 60% RCA) and moderately with WGP content (up to 18.5% at 40% WGP), indicating potential durability concerns. 5. Workability decreases moderately with increasing RCA and significantly with increasing WGP content, necessitating careful mix design. 6. Strong correlations between slump, water absorption, and mechanical properties provide useful tools for