PSI - Issue 71

Akash Shit et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 71 (2025) 50–57

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b

Fig. 11.Comparison of MERR based crack path w.r.t Plane’s perpendicular crack path under different interference level (a) Hol e-4 (b) Hole-5

4. Conclusion This study focuses on the study of Stress Intensity Factor (SIF) and crack path in a 3-2-1 lozenge pattern riveted joint using Maximum Energy Release Rate (MERR)-based crack advancement, considering three interference levels: 0%, 0.1%, and 0.15%. The study reveals that for an initial 6 mm crack length, mixed-mode fracture behavior occurs across all locations and interference levels due to the initial crack orientation, with KII being more dominant than KI. At 0% interference, the most significant deviation in SIF from perpendicular crack propagation was observed at Hole 1, followed by Hole-2, Hole-5, and Hole-4. For interference levels of 0.1% and 0.15%, Hole-5 consistently exhibits higher SIF deviations compared to Hole-4, with the peak deviation at 0.1% interference reaching 23% for a 7 mm crack length at Hole-5. At 0.15% interference, deviations of 14% were observed for 7 mm and 8 mm crack lengths at Hole-5. Furthermore, the angle deviation from the assumed crack path at Crack Tip-1 is more significant at Hole-5 than at Hole-4, particularly up to 0.1% interference, with the maximum angle deviation of 39.4° observed at Hole-1 for both crack tips under no interference due to symmetry. At 0.15% interference, the deviation becomes more pronounced at Hole-4 for Crack Tip-1, reaching 12.2°, while Crack Tip-2 at Hole-4 exhibits a more significant angle deviation of 13.6°. At both Hole-4 and Hole-5, increasing interference levels lead to significant crack path deviations from the perpendicular assumptions. Based on this study, MERR criteria yielded more SIF and a significant deviation in the crack path, indicating a particular crack length's higher severity than the plane's perpendicular crack path estimate. References Hellen TK, 1975. On the method of virtual crack extensions. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering,; 9:187 – 207.. Hithendra K, Prakash R V., 2021. A study of stress intensity factors in lozenge pattern of joints. ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Proceedings (IMECE), vol. 3, p. 1 – 10. Karakampalle H, Prakash R V., 2021. Effect of interference and location of the crack on the Stress Intensity Factor for the 3-2-1 Lozenge pattern riveted joint. Procedia Structural Integrity; 39:711 – 21. Liu J, Zhao A, Ke Z, Li Z, Bi Y., 2020. Investigation on the residual stresses and fatigue performance of riveted single strap butt joints. Materials; 13:1 – 19. Liu J, Zhao A, Ke Z, Zhu Z, Bi Y., 2020. Influence of rivet diameter and pitch on the fatigue performance of riveted lap joints based on stress distribution analysis. Materials; 13. Moreira PMGP, de Matos PFP, Camanho PP, Pastrama SD, de Castro PMST., 2007. Stress intensity factor and load transfer analysis of a cracked riveted lap joint. Materials and Design; 28:1263 – 70. Murdani A, Makabe C, Saimoto A, Kondou R., 2008. A crack-growth arresting technique in aluminum alloy. Engineering Failure Analysis; 15:302 – 10. Pilkey WD., 2005. Formulas for stress, strain and structural matrices. 2nd ed. John Wiley & Sons; Pinho ST, Martins HB, Camanho PP, Santare MH, de Castro PMST., 2005. Residual stress field and reduction of stress intensity factors in cold worked holes. Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics; 44:168 – 77. Schijve J., 1992. Multiple-site-damage fatigue of riveted joints: International workshop on structural integrity of aging airplanes, Atlanta:1 – 27. Silva LFM, Gonc JPM, Oliveira FMF, Castro PMST De, 2000. Multiple-site damage in riveted lap- joints : experimental simulation and finite element prediction. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE; 22:319 – 38. Smith M., 2009. ABAQUS/Standard User’s Manual, Version 6.9. United States: Dassault Systèmes Simulia Corp. Song PS, Shieh YL., 2004. Stop drilling procedure for fatigue life improvement. International Journal of Fatigue;26:1333 – 9. YuanZhou Z, Ji B, Fu Z, Kainuma S, Tsukamoto S., 2019. Fatigue crack retrofitting by closing crack surface. International Journal of Fatigue;119:229 – 37.