PSI - Issue 71

Ganesan G et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 71 (2025) 438–444

440

Table 2. Process Parameters

Welding Current (A)

150

Voltage(V)

14

Welding Speed (mm/min) Filler Wire Diameter (mm)

800

0.8

MS ER 70-R Wire Feed Rate (WFR) (mm/min) SS-304 Wire Feed Rate (WFR) (mm/min)

1000 0-200

Shielding Gas & Gas Flow Rate (l/min)

Ar (99.99%) & 15

Fig. 2. Different cases for fabricating heterogeneous steel alloys

Fig. 3. Schematic Representation of Material Characterization

The Vickers microhardness of the as-printed heterogeneous steel alloys was measured from the bottom to the top of the build across various layers, as shown in Fig. 3. Samples were ground and polished using SiC emery papers up to 2500 grit, with a 100g load applied for 10 seconds, and each value reported is the average of three measurements along the same horizontal line. For miniature tensile tests, samples were machined along and across the build direction and tested at room temperature using an Instron-5982 machine, with three tests averaged for each direction. Samples were prepared using Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM) and tested at a 0.5 mm/min speed.