Issue 70

S.K. Shandiz et alii, Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale, 70 (2024) 24-54; DOI: 10.3221/IGF-ESIS.70.02

Introduction and application of a drive-by damage detection methodology for bridges using variational mode decomposition

Shahrooz Khalkhali Shandiz, Hamed Khezrzadeh Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal Ale Ahmad Highway, P.O. Box 14115 143, Tehran, Iran; k.shahrooz@modares.ac.ir khezrzadeh@modares.ac.ir, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7248-2083 Saeed Eftekhar Azam Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New Hampshire, 33 Academic Way, W 137, Durham, 03824, NH, USA Saeed.EftekharAzam@unh.edu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8153-5506

Citation: Shandiz, S.K., Khezrzadeh, H., Azam, S.E., Introduction and application of a drive-by damage detection methodology for bridges using variational mode decomposition, Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale, 70 (2024) 24-54.

Received: 09.04.2024 Accepted: 30.06.2024 Published: 09.07.2024 Issue: 10.2024

Copyright: © 2024 This is an open access article under the terms of the CC-BY 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

K EYWORDS . Structural Health Monitoring (SHM), Drive-by sensing, Indirect damage detection, Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) method, Signal processing, Finite Element Method (FEM).

I NTRODUCTION

ridges, as one of the most crucial parts of transportation infrastructure, need constant monitoring to ensure their serviceability. Visual inspection is one of the conventional methods of structural health monitoring (SHM) in bridges. Nevertheless, the damages cannot be detected through this method when they are not visible. Because of the inefficiency in identifying potential defects in this method [1], researchers have tried other ways for direct monitoring. In general, there are four classifications of structural damage detection. At the first level, the major concern is detecting the presence of damage while at the second level, the location of the damage is of interest. The damage frequency and severity B

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