Issue 70

H. A. Mohamed et alii, Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale, 70 (2024) 286-309; DOI: 10.3221/IGF-ESIS.70.17

a- Load-displacement curves b- Backbone curve Figure 22. Experimental [14] vs. FEM lateral load – lateral displacement of RC column.

Figure 23. FE Model.

Hysteretic behavior and backbone curves Figs. 24 and 25 show the relationship between the lateral force and the lateral column displacement for each column. The specimens exhibited almost a linear response up to the first give, after which persistent nonlinear symmetrical hysteretic loops appeared. Reinforced concrete columns with CR showed greater lateral displacement than reinforced concrete columns without CR, while the lateral load was greater in the RC columns without CR. Table 5 illustrates the results of lateral displacement and lateral load for square columns in both positive (load direction) and negative directions. In a positive direction, the analysis showed that the ultimate lateral loads of reinforced square columns without CR are 5.6% and 6.7%, respectively, greater than those of RC columns with 10% and 15% CR replacement. In comparison to conventional RRC, square RRC columns with 10% and 15% have a 26.5% and 34.5% higher lateral

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