PSI - Issue 69

Muhammad Asim et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 69 (2025) 41–46

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Figure 2 Superelastic response before and after F-LSP

Table 1 Optimized laser parameters for TiNbZrSn enhanced functional fatigue properties.

Power (W) 0.12W

Pulse Duration (fs)

Frequency (kHz)

Overlapping Ratio (%)

Fluence (J/cm2)

Pulse Intensity (GW/cm2)

1.16 x 10 4

50

150

0

0.58

Figure 3 (a) Recoverability of alloy before and after F-LSP during cyclic loading (b) Comparison of degradation in functionality after 25 loading cycles

Figure 4 shows the roughness of the alloy before and after F-LSP. The roughness of the sample surface without F LSP treatment was around 0.5 microns whereas after F-LSP treatment the surface roughness increased to 1 micron. The surface profile is extracted in a region of 200 x 200 µm 2 . The surface roughness values show that F-LSP treatment under deionized water as a confining medium introduced minimal detrimental effects on the surface of the material. This minimal surface damage is mainly contributed by confining medium and reduced laser energy (Fluence), as observed during the experiments. As laser power increases, the surface damage effects also become significant due to