PSI - Issue 68

ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2025) 000–000 Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2025) 000–000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

Procedia Structural Integrity 68 (2025) 1324–1328

European Conference on Fracture 2024 Numerical analysis of impact damage at different impact speeds Emanuele Vincenzo Arcieri a, *, Sergio Baragetti a , Željko Božić b a Department of Management, Information and Production Engineering, University of Bergamo, Viale Marconi 5, Dalmine 24044, Italy b Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, I. Lučića 5, Zagreb 10000, Croatia Abstract The formation of dents in components due to impact damage induces stress concentrations, residual stresses, and microstructural damage, that cause premature failure under cyclic loading. Since prior research has shown that impact speed is a key parameter influencing the stress distribution in impacted specimens, the present work numerically studies the effect of impact speed on the damage geometry in an hourglass-shaped specimen. The investigation was conducted on an aluminum alloy hourglass specimen subjected to the normal impact of a steel ball. Results reveal a second-degree relationship between impact speed and dent depth, with the depth increasing as the impact velocity increases. The findings provide a basis for the development of predictive models for estimating impact-induced dent geometry based on impact speed and associated stress concentrations and residual stresses, which are crucial for correctly assessing the fatigue life of damaged components. © 2025 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) 1. Introduction The impact of objects on components can result in the formation of dents, with consequent appearance of stress concentrations, residual stresses and possible microstructural damage. At high impact speeds, material removal may also occur (Peters and Ritchie, 2000; Boyce et al., 2001; Martinez et al., 2022; Nicholas, 2006; Ding et al., 2007). These effects promote crack initiation and propagation processes, causing premature failure of components (Kim et al., 2013; Baragetti and Villa, 2015; Ribeiro et al., 2022). European Conference on Fracture 2024 Numerical analysis of impact damage at different impact speeds Emanuele Vincenzo Arcieri a, *, Sergio Baragetti a , Željko Božić b a Department of Management, Information and Production Engineering, University of Bergamo, Viale Marconi 5, Dalmine 24044, Italy b Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, I. Lučića 5, Zagreb 10000, Croatia Abstract The formation of dents in components due to impact damage induces stress concentrations, residual stresses, and microstructural damage, that cause premature failure under cyclic loading. Since prior research has shown that impact speed is a key parameter influencing the stress distribution in impacted specimens, the present work numerically studies the effect of impact speed on the damage geometry in an hourglass-shaped specimen. The investigation was conducted on an aluminum alloy hourglass specimen subjected to the normal impact of a steel ball. Results reveal a second-degree relationship between impact speed and dent depth, with the depth increasing as the impact velocity increases. The findings provide a basis for the development of predictive models for estimating impact-induced dent geometry based on impact speed and associated stress concentrations and residual stresses, which are crucial for correctly assessing the fatigue life of damaged components. © 2025 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of ECF24 organizers Keywords: impact damage; numerical; FEM; impact speed 1. Introduction The impact of objects on components can result in the formation of dents, with consequent appearance of stress concentrations, residual stresses and possible microstructural damage. At high impact speeds, material removal may also occur (Peters and Ritchie, 2000; Boyce et al., 2001; Martinez et al., 2022; Nicholas, 2006; Ding et al., 2007). These effects promote crack initiation and propagation processes, causing premature failure of components (Kim et al., 2013; Baragetti and Villa, 2015; Ribeiro et al., 2022). © 2025 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of ECF24 organizers Peer-review under responsibility of ECF24 organizers Keywords: impact damage; numerical; FEM; impact speed

* Corresponding author. Tel.: Tel.: +39-035-205-2382; fax: +39-035-205-2221. E-mail address: emanuelevincenzo.arcieri@unibg.it * Corresponding author. Tel.: Tel.: +39-035-205-2382; fax: +39-035-205-2221. E-mail address: emanuelevincenzo.arcieri@unibg.it

2452-3216 © 2025 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of ECF24 organizers 2452-3216 © 2025 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of ECF24 organizers

2452-3216 © 2025 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of ECF24 organizers 10.1016/j.prostr.2025.06.206