PSI - Issue 68

J.M. Parente et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 68 (2025) 160–165

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J.M. Parente et al. / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2025) 000–000

underlying mechanisms of hybridization could enable more targeted and efficient material designs tailored to specific industrial applications. Acknowledgments J.M. Parente thanks FCT—Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, for the grant UI/BD/151477/2021. This work was supported by the following projects and organisms: Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, I.P. (FCT, I.P.) FCT/MCTES through national funds (PIDDAC), under the R&D Unit C-MAST/Center for Mechanical and Aerospace Science and Technologies, reference: Projects UIDB/00151/2020 (https://doi.org/10.54499/UIDB/00151/2020) and UIDP/00151/2020 (https://doi.org/10.54499/UIDP/00151/2020), This research was also sponsored by national funds through FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, under the project UIDB/00285/2020 and LA/P/0112/2020 and finally, authors are also grateful to Graphenest for providing the graphene used in this study. References Bhandari, M., Wang, J., Jang, D., Nam, I., Huang, B., 2021. A Comparative Study on the Electrical and Piezoresistive Sensing Characteristics of GFRP and CFRP Composites with Hybridized Incorporation of Carbon Nanotubes, Graphenes, Carbon Nanofibers, and Graphite Nanoplatelets. Sensors 21, 7291. Białkowska, A., Bakar, M., Kucharczyk, W., Zarzyka, I., 2023. Hybrid Epoxy Nanocomposites: Improvement in Mechanical Properties and Toughening Mechanisms—A Review. Polymers 15, 1398. Cha, J., Jun, G.H., Park, J.K., Kim, J.C., Ryu, H.J., Hong, S.H., 2017. Improvement of modulus, strength and fracture toughness of CNT/Epoxy nanocomposites through the functionalization of carbon nanotubes. Composites Part B: Engineering 129, 169-179. Frigione, M., Lettieri, M., 2020. Recent Advances and Trends of Nanofilled/Nanostructured Epoxies. Materials 13, 3415. Galpayage Dona, D.G., Wang, M., Liu, M., Motta, N., Waclawik, E., Yan, C., 2012. Recent advances in fabrication and characterization of graphene-polymer nanocomposites. Graphene 1, 30-49. Gantayat, S., Rout, D., Swain, S.K., 2017. Carbon Nanomaterial–Reinforced Epoxy Composites: A Review. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering 57, 1-16. Gojny, F.H., Wichmann, M.H.G., Köpke, U., Fiedler, B., Schulte, K., 2004. Carbon nanotube-reinforced epoxy-composites: enhanced stiffness and fracture toughness at low nanotube content. Composites Science and Technology 64, 2363-2371. Huang, X., Qi, X., Boey, F., Zhang, H., 2012. Graphene-based composites. Chemical Society Reviews 41, 666-686. Khashaba, U.A., 2018. Improvement of toughness and shear properties of multiwalled carbon nanotubes/epoxy composites. Polymer Composites 39, 815-825. Kuilla, T., Bhadra, S., Yao, D., Kim, N.H., Bose, S., Lee, J.H., 2010. Recent advances in graphene based polymer composites. Progress in Polymer Science 35, 1350-1375. May, C., 2018. Epoxy resins: chemistry and technology. Routledge. Nag, A., Mukhopadhyay, S.C., 2022. Fabrication and implementation of carbon nanotubes for piezoresistive-sensing applications: A review. Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices 7, 100416. Parente, J.M., Simoes, R., Silva, A.P., Reis, P.N.B., 2024. Impact of the Curing Temperature on the Manufacturing Process of Multi-Nanoparticle Reinforced Epoxy Matrix Composites. Materials 17, 1930. Safdari, M., Al-Haik, M.S., 2018. 5 - A Review on Polymeric Nanocomposites: Effect of Hybridization and Synergy on Electrical Properties, in: Ismail, A.F., Goh, P.S. (Eds.), Carbon-Based Polymer Nanocomposites for Environmental and Energy Applications. Elsevier, pp. 113-146. Tajdari, A., Babaei, A., Goudarzi, A., Partovi, R., Rostami, A., 2021. Hybridization as an efficient strategy for enhancing the performance of polymer nanocomposites. Polymer Composites 42, 6801-6815. Tamburrano, A., Sarasini, F., De Bellis, G., D'Aloia, A.G., Sarto, M.S., 2013. The piezoresistive effect in graphene-based polymeric composites. Nanotechnology 24, 465702. Wang, X., Wang, J., Biswas, S., Kim, H., Nam, I., 2020. Mechanical, Electrical, and Piezoresistive Sensing Characteristics of Epoxy-Based Composites Incorporating Hybridized Networks of Carbon Nanotubes, Graphene, Carbon Nanofibers, or Graphite Nanoplatelets. Sensors 20, 2094. Wang, Y., Fu, Y., Meng, Z., Wan, B., Han, B., 2022. Experimental study and piezoresistive mechanism of electrostatic self-assembly of carbon nanotubes–carbon black/epoxy nanocomposites for structural health monitoring. Journal of Materials Science 57, 12416-12437.