PSI - Issue 67

E.D. Reis et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 67 (2025) 39–46 Reis et al. / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2024) 000 – 000

43 5

Table 3. Comparison of tensile strength (f ct ) variation with literature. Reference CNT content f ct (MPa)

Variation

Reference

CNT-concrete

(%)

Abinayaa et al. (2014)

0.045% (NS) 0.150% (AS) 0.100% (PF) 0.200% (AS) 0.030% (NS) 0.050% (AS) 0.200% (PF)

2.27 2.21 2.19 4.00 3.00 4.90 3.24

3.78 3.30 2.95 4.88 3.60 5.70 3.76

+66.3 +49.3 +34.7 +22.0 +20.0 +16.3 +16.0

Song et al. (2020)

Current study Irshidat (2021)

Hassan et al. (2019) Hawreen et al. (2019)

Song et al. (2017)

Note: PF — powder form; AS — aqueous suspension; NS — not specified.

Table 4. Comparison of porosity (P) variation with literature. Reference CNT content P (%)

Variation

Reference

CNT-concrete

(%)

Jung et al. (2022) a

0.20% (AS) 0.50% (AS) 0.80% (AS) 0.20% (AS) 0.50% (AS) 0.80% (AS) 1.00% (AS) 0.05% (PF) 0.10% (PF)

6.86 6.86 6.86 6.61 6.61 6.61 6.61 7.63 7.63

5.78 5.26 6.07 6.13 4.76 5.29 6.07 6.69 8.13

– 15.7 – 23.3 – 11.5

Jung et al. (2020) a

– 7.3

– 28.0 – 20.0

– 8.2

Current study

– 12.3

+6.6 Note: a These authors used ultra-high-performance concrete; PF — powder form; AS — aqueous suspension; NS — not specified.

Table 5. Comparison of ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) variation with literature. Reference CNT content UPV (km/h)

Variation

Reference

CNT-concrete

(%)

Current study

0.05% (PF) 0.10% (PF) 0.05% (PF) 0.10% (AS) 0.05% (PF) 0.10% (PF) 0.15% (PF) 0.20% (PF)

4.10 4.10 4.70 4.70 3.89 3.89 3.89 3.89 3.48 3.48

4.28 4.19 4.82 4.81 3.98 3.98 4.01 4.00 3.54 3.49

+4.3 +2.1 +2.6 +2.3 +2.3 +2.4 +3.2 +2.8 +1.6

Hawreen et al. (2019)

Asil and Ranjbar (2022) a

Ali et al. (2021)

0.1% (Fibers) b 0.1% (Fibers) c

+0.1 Note: a These authors used lightweight geopolymer concrete; b SWCNT (single walled carbon nanotubes) fibers; c MWCNT fibers; PF — powder form; AS — aqueous suspension; NS — not specified.

Examining these outcomes confirms that pre-dispersing CNTs within cement particles using an isopropanol solution is effective. This method of dispersion achieved f c values comparable to those obtained through different