PSI - Issue 67

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ScienceDirect

Procedia Structural Integrity 67 (2025) 47–52 Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2024) 000–000 Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2024) 000–000

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International Symposium on Nanotechnology in Construction Materials NICOM8 Production and investigation on the piezocapacitive properties of self-sensing cement-based composites with reduced graphene oxide Daniel A. Triana-Camacho a,b, ∗ , Antonella D’Alessandro a , Enrique Garc  a-Mac  as c , Andrea Meoni a , Jorge H. Quintero-Orozco b , Filippo Ubertini a a Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Perugia, Perugia, (PG), Italy. b Escuela de F  sica, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Cra 27 Calle 9 Bucaramanga, Colombia. c Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenier  a de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad de Granada, Campus Universitario de Fuentenueva, Granada 18071, Spain. Abstract Self-sensing cementitious materials have garnered considerable attention in the field of structural health monitoring due to their unique ability to function as strain sensors under mechanical loads. Among these smart materials, piezoelectric cement compounds have emerged as a rapidly growing area of research, demonstrating significant potential for the development of sensors with minimal energy requirements and the promise of self-sustainability. This paper conducts a thorough analysis of the electrical and mechanical properties of cement composites enriched with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and assesses their suitability as self- sensing strain sensors. The proposed methodology encompasses voltammetry measurements, current transients, and compression tests on rGO-cement composites to evaluate the piezoelectric coe ffi cient of charge d 33 associated with piezocapacitive capabilities of the material. The presented findings showcase noticeable properties, with samples exhibiting a piezoelectric charge coe ffi cient higher than previously documented compounds in the literature. © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http: // creativecommons.org / licenses / by-nc-nd / 4.0 / ) Peer-review under responsibility of NICOM8 Chairpersons. Keywords: Cement; piezocapacitance; reduced graphene oxide; self-sensing materials; smart materials. 1. Introduction Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) stands out as a promising inclusion for fabricating strain-sensing cement-based composites for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) applications. Among the array of benefits of the rGO-cement- based composites are: i) increasing the mechanical strength by up to about 30% with respect to the plain speci- mens Zhang et al. (2021); ii) o ff ering a superior electromagnetic shielding e ff ectiveness by 21 dB at 12 GHz Zhai et al. (2021); iii) reducing the percentage of pores and pore size distribution in the cement structure in comparison International Symposium on Nanotechnology in Construction Materials NICOM8 Production and investigation on the piezocapacitive properties of self-sensing cement-based composites with reduced graphene oxide Daniel A. Triana-Camacho a,b, ∗ , Antonella D’Alessandro a , Enrique Garc  a-Mac  as c , Andrea Meoni a , Jorge H. Quintero-Orozco b , Filippo Ubertini a a Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Perugia, Perugia, (PG), Italy. b Escuela de F  sica, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Cra 27 Calle 9 Bucaramanga, Colombia. c Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenier  a de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad de Granada, Campus Universitario de Fuentenueva, Granada 18071, Spain. Abstract Self-sensing cementitious materials have garnered considerable attention in the field of structural health monitoring due to their unique ability to function as strain sensors under mechanical loads. Among these smart materials, piezoelectric cement compounds have emerged as a rapidly growing area of research, demonstrating significant potential for the development of sensors with minimal energy requirements and the promise of self-sustainability. This paper conducts a thorough analysis of the electrical and mechanical properties of cement composites enriched with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and assesses their suitability as self- sensing strain sensors. The proposed methodology encompasses voltammetry measurements, current transients, and compression tests on rGO-cement composites to evaluate the piezoelectric coe ffi cient of charge d 33 associated with piezocapacitive capabilities of the material. The presented findings showcase noticeable properties, with samples exhibiting a piezoelectric charge coe ffi cient higher than previously documented compounds in the literature. © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http: // creativecommons.org / licenses / by-nc-nd / 4.0 / ) Peer-review under responsibility of NICOM8 Chairpersons. Keywords: Cement; piezocapacitance; reduced graphene oxide; self-sensing materials; smart materials. 1. Introduction Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) stands out as a promising inclusion for fabricating strain-sensing cement-based composites for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) applications. Among the array of benefits of the rGO-cement- based composites are: i) increasing the mechanical strength by up to about 30% with respect to the plain speci- mens Zhang et al. (2021); ii) o ff ering a superior electromagnetic shielding e ff ectiveness by 21 dB at 12 GHz Zhai et al. (2021); iii) reducing the percentage of pores and pore size distribution in the cement structure in comparison © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of NICOM8 Chairpersons

2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of NICOM8 Chairpersons 10.1016/j.prostr.2025.06.007 ∗ Corresponding author. Tel.: + 39-353-310-8984. E-mail address: danielandres.trianacamacho@unipg.it 2210-7843 © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http: // creativecommons.org / licenses / by-nc-nd / 4.0 / ) Peer-review under responsibility of NICOM8 Chairpersons. ∗ Corresponding author. Tel.: + 39-353-310-8984. E-mail address: danielandres.trianacamacho@unipg.it 2210-7843 © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http: // creativecommons.org / licenses / by-nc-nd / 4.0 / ) Peer-review under responsibility of NICOM8 Chairpersons.