PSI - Issue 66

Lucie Malíková et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 66 (2024) 142–147 Author name / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2025) 000–000

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The dependence presented in Fig. 5 shows that the value of the  max angle, where the maximum of the tangential stress occurs, decreases with increasing depth of the anchor’s embedment. It means: the deeper the anchor’s embedment, the flatter the concrete cone failure. In other words, the conical crack propagates in more horizontal direction when the depth of the anchor’s embedment increases. Thus, deeper anchor’s embedment is safer from the point of view of the concrete cone failure. Nevertheless, other fracture mechanical and economical aspects need to be considered during the design and assessment of such structures. Note that the values of the  max angle vary rather continuously from ca. 20° to 41° whereas an average unique value of this angle was observed experimentally. Thus, extensive further research is necessary in this field. 4. Conclusions The study presented within this work deals with finite element assessment of the angle of the concrete cone failure occurring when a steel anchor is embedded in the concrete substrate. Tangential stress distribution around the anchor’s corner was selected for this analysis. Dependences of the angle, where the maximum of the tangential stress occurs, on the radial distances from the anchor’s corner were analyzed for various depths of the anchor’s embedment. It has been shown that the deeper the anchor’s embedment, the flatter the concrete cone failure. Thus, deeper anchor’s embedment seems to be safer from the point of view of the concrete cone failure mode. Nevertheless, further research is necessary in this field to include more aspects of such structures. Acknowledgements This paper was created as part of the project No. CZ.02.01.01/00/22_008/0004631 “Materials and technologies for sustainable development” within the Jan Amos Komensky Operational Program financed by the European Union and from the state budget of the Czech Republic. Financial support from the Faculty of Civil Engineering, Brno University of Technology (project No. FAST-S-24-8503) is also gratefully acknowledged. References Elfgren, L., Eligehausen, R., Rots, J.G., 2001. Anchor bolts in concrete structures: summary of round robin tests and analysis arranged by RILEM TC 90-FMA: fracture mechanics of concrete-applications. Materials and Structures 34 (8), 451–457. Eligehausen, R., Mallée, R., Silva, J.F., 2006. Anchorage in concrete construction. Ernst & Sohn, Berlin, Germany, p. 378. Eligehausen, R., Sawade, G.,1989. A fracture mechanics based description of the pull-out behavior of headed studs embedded in concrete. In: Elfgren L, editor. Fracture mechanics of concrete structures. Chapman and Hall, London. Erdogan, F., Sih, G.C., 1963. On the crack extension in plates under plates under plane loading and transverse shear. Journal of Basic Engineering 85 (4), 519–525. Fuchs, W., Eligehausen, R., Breen, J.E., 1995. Concrete Capacity Design (CCD) Approach for Fastening to Concrete. ACI Structural Journal 92 (1), 73–94. Karmokar, T., Mohyeddin, A., Lee, J., Paraskeva, T., 2021. Concrete cone failure of single cast-in anchors under tensile loading – A literature review. Engineering Structures 243, 112615. Krenchel, H., Shah, S.P., 1985. Fracture analysis of the pullout test. Materials and Structures, 439–446. Malíková, L., Miarka, P., Seitl, S., 2024. Short fatigue crack behavior under various level of mixed-mode. Accepted to Proceedings of the 7th International Conference (MSAM 2024), IOS Press Ebooks. Ottosen, N.S., 1981. Nonlinear finite element analysis of pull-out test. Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE 107 (4), 591–603. Stone, W.C., Carino, N.J., 1983. Deformation and failure in large-scale pullout tests. ACI Journal Proceedings 80 (6), 501–513. Susmel, L., Taylor, D., 2008. The theory of critical distances to predict static strength of notched brittle components subjected to mixed-mode loading. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 75, 534–550.