PSI - Issue 62

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2022) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Procedia Structural Integrity 62 (2024) 824–831

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2022) 000 – 000

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia II Fabre Conference – Existing bridges, bridges and tunnels: research, innovation and applications (FABRE24) Self-powered wireless structural sensors for long-term monitoring of bridges Luca Castellini 1* , Enrique García-Macías 2 , Filippo Ubertini 3 , Giacomo Clementi 4 1 Wisepower srl - via Z. Faina 4, 06123 Perugia, ITALY 2 Universidad de Granada - Campus Universitario de Fuentenueva, 18071 Granada, SPAIN 3 Università degli studi di Perugia, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 06125 Perugia, ITALY 4 Università degli studi di Perugia, Department of Ph ysics and Geology , 06123 Perugia, ITALY Abstract The present work introduces the design of a self-powered wireless static and dynamic structural monitoring system developed by Wisepower Srl and deployed on some bridges along the S.S. 675 "Umbro-Laziale" (former "Civitavecchia - Orte" junction) since 2018. The most significant aspect of the developed monitoring system lies in the fact that it consists of a wireless network of MEMS accelerometers (noise spectral density in all axes: 22.5 μg/√Hz, and sensitivity: 3.9 μg/LSB) powered by energy harvesting systems, which can convert environmental energy (i.e. vibrations and light) into electrical energy collected in batteries, so extending the life and minimizing the maintenance cycles of the devices. Vibration-based energy harvesting is achieved through a non-linear resonator, which utilizes a wider spectrum of frequencies compared to traditional linear vibration energy harvesters owing to its non-linear dynamics. The efficiency of the system is further enhanced by the combination of solar panels, overcoming the limitations associated with traditional wiring or batteries, widening the lifespan of the electronics, and reducing the maintenance costs. The paper reports the analysis method and the data elaboration of some ambient acceleration records, validating the system for natural frequencies identification. © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of Scientific Board Members II Fabre Conference – Existing bridges, bridges and tunnels: research, innovation and applications (FABRE24) Self-powered wireless structural sensors for long-term monitoring of bridges Luca Castellini 1* , Enrique García-Macías 2 , Filippo Ubertini 3 , Giacomo Clementi 4 1 Wisepower srl - via Z. Faina 4, 06123 Perugia, ITALY 2 Universidad de Granada - Campus Universitario de Fuentenueva, 18071 Granada, SPAIN 3 Università degli studi di Perugia, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 06125 Perugia, ITALY 4 Università degli studi di Perugia, Department of Ph ysics and Geology , 06123 Perugia, ITALY Abstract The present work introduces the design of a self-powered wireless static and dynamic structural monitoring system developed by Wisepower Srl and deployed on some bridges along the S.S. 675 "Umbro-Laziale" (former "Civitavecchia - Orte" junction) since 2018. The most significant aspect of the developed monitoring system lies in the fact that it consists of a wireless network of MEMS accelerometers (noise spectral density in all axes: 22.5 μg/√Hz, and sensitivity: 3.9 μg/LSB) powered by energy harvesting systems, which can convert environmental energy (i.e. vibrations and light) into electrical energy collected in batteries, so extending the life and minimizing the maintenance cycles of the devices. Vibration-based energy harvesting is achieved through a non-linear resonator, which utilizes a wider spectrum of frequencies compared to traditional linear vibration energy harvesters owing to its non-linear dynamics. The efficiency of the system is further enhanced by the combination of solar panels, overcoming the limitations associated with traditional wiring or batteries, widening the lifespan of the electronics, and reducing the maintenance costs. The paper reports the analysis method and the data elaboration of some ambient acceleration records, validating the system for natural frequencies identification. Keywords: Structural health monitoring; Bridge monitoring; Dynamic monitoring; Energy harvesting. 1. Introduction Securing stable electrical supply to structural health monitoring (SHM) systems, including wireless sensor nodes and data transmission devices (Wang et al. (2018)), represents a formidable challenge. This is particularly critical for civil engineering structures like bridges in remote locations, where the access to the electrical grid is limited or non- Keywords: Structural health monitoring; Bridge monitoring; Dynamic monitoring; Energy harvesting. 1. Introduction Securing stable electrical supply to structural health monitoring (SHM) systems, including wireless sensor nodes and data transmission devices (Wang et al. (2018)), represents a formidable challenge. This is particularly critical for civil engineering structures like bridges in remote locations, where the access to the electrical grid is limited or non-

* Corresponding author Tel.: +39 075 584 7210; fax: +39 075 5848458 E-mail address: luca.castellini@wisepower.it * Corresponding author Tel.: +39 075 584 7210; fax: +39 075 5848458 E-mail address: luca.castellini@wisepower.it

2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of Scientific Board Members 10.1016/j.prostr.2024.09.111 2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4. 0 ) Peer-review under responsibility of Scientific Board Member s 2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4. 0 ) Peer-review under responsibility of Scientific Board Member s