PSI - Issue 61

Bahman Paygozar et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 61 (2024) 232–240 Paygozar et al./ Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000 – 000

239

8

5. Conclusion The print orientation ’s effects on the fracture toughness values and crack propagation in the SENB specimens were investigated through 3P bending tests. It was experienced that crack propagation occurred through interlayer and intralayer failure types. The values of fracture toughness and corresponding fracture energy were calculated to be used in the numerical analyses. The XFEM was utilized for the numerical investigation of the Mode-I fracture. It was found that XFEM can simulate the failure peak load of the vertically fabricated Mode-I specimen and the crack propagation therein based on the material properties extracted through 3P bending tests of SENB specimens. Potential future work includes validating XFEM results for the specimens fabricated in horizontal and lateral orientations. Acknowledgments This research was funded by a grant from The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye, project number 122M823. References Akhavan-Safar, A., M. R. Ayatollahi, S. Safaei & L. F. M. da Silva (2020) Mixed mode I/III fracture behavior of adhesive joints. International Journal of Solids and Structures, 199 , 109-119. Ayatollahi, M. R., A. Nabavi-Kivi, B. Bahrami, M. Yazid Yahya & M. R. Khosravani (2020) The influence of in plane raster angle on tensile and fracture strengths of 3D-printed PLA specimens. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 237 , 107225. Campilho, R. D. S. G., M. D. Banea, F. J. P. Chaves & L. F. M. d. Silva (2011) eXtended Finite Element Method for fracture characterization of adhesive joints in pure mode I. Computational Materials Science, 50 , 1543-1549. Ferreira, R. T. L., I. C. Amatte, T. A. Dutra & D. Bürger (2017) Experimental characterization and micrography of 3D printed PLA and PLA reinforced with short carbon fibers. Composites Part B: Engineering, 124 , 88-100. Giner, E., N. Sukumar, J. E. Tarancón & F. J. Fuenmayor (2009) An Abaqus implementation of the extended finite element method. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 76 , 347-368. Ivanova, O., C. Williams & T. Campbell (2013) Additive manufacturing (AM) and nanotechnology: Promises and challenges. Rapid Prototyping Journal, 19 , 353-364. Labonnote, N., A. Rønnquist, B. Manum & P. Rüther (2016) Additive construction: State-of-the-art, challenges and opportunities. Automation in Construction, 72 , 347-366. McLouth, T. D., J. V. Severino, P. M. Adams, D. N. Patel & R. J. Zaldivar (2017) The impact of print orientation and raster pattern on fracture toughness in additively manufactured ABS. Additive Manufacturing, 18 , 103-109. Mubashar, A., I. A. Ashcroft & A. D. Crocombe (2014) Modelling Damage and Failure in Adhesive Joints Using A Combined XFEM-Cohesive Element Methodology. The Journal of Adhesion, 90 , 682-697. Ngo, T. D., A. Kashani, G. Imbalzano, K. T. Q. Nguyen & D. Hui (2018) Additive manufacturing (3D printing): A review of materials, methods, applications and challenges. Composites Part B: Engineering, 143 , 172-196. Park, S. D., M. Todo, K. Arakawa & M. Koganemaru (2006) Effect of crystallinity and loading-rate on mode I fracture behavior of poly(lactic acid). Polymer, 47 , 1357-1363. Patterson, A. E. 2018. Crack Propagation in 3-D Printed PLA: Finite Element Modeling, Test Bed Design, and Preliminary Experimental Results. Paygozar, B., S. A. Dizaji & L. F. M. da Silva (2020) Bonding dissimilar materials via adhesively bonded spot-welded joints: cohesive zone model technique. Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, 34 , 2352-2363. Paygozar, B. & R. M. Gorguluarslan (2023a) Bonding Additively Manufactured PLA Materials: Effects of Joint Scarf Angle and Substrate Raster Orientation. Makina Tasarım ve İmalat Dergisi, 21 , 33-42. Paygozar, B. & R. M. Gorguluarslan (2023b) Improving the energy absorption capacity of bending-dominated additively manufactured polylactic acid (PLA) lattices. Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures. Paygozar, B. & R. M. Gorguluarslan (2023c) Investigating Failure Behavior of Adhesive Joints with Dissimilar Materials of Steel and Additively Manufactured PLA. Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals .