PSI - Issue 61

ScienceDirect 3rd International Workshop on Plasticity, Damage and Fracture of Engineering Materials (IWPDF 2023) Effect of Nozzle Diameter on Tensile and Fracture Behavior of FDM-PLA Samples 3rd International Workshop on Plasticity, Damage and Fracture of Engineering Materials (IWPDF 2023) Effect of Nozzle Diameter on Tensile and Fracture Behavior of FDM-PLA Samples 3rd International Workshop on Plasticity, Damage and Fracture of Engineering Materials (IWPDF 2023) Effect of Nozzle Diameter on Tensile and Fracture Behavior of FDM-PLA Samples Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2023) 000 – 000 3rd International Workshop on Plasticity, Damage and Fracture of Engineering Materials (IWPDF 2023) Effect of Nozzle Diameter on Tensile and Fracture Behavior of FDM-PLA Samples Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2023) 000 – 000 3rd International Workshop on Plasticity, Damage and Fracture of Engineering Materials (IWPDF 2023) Effect of Nozzle Diameter on Tensile and Fracture Behavior of FDM-PLA Samples Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2023) 000 – 000 3rd International Workshop on Plasticity, Damage and Fracture of Engineering Materials (IWPDF 2023) Effect of Nozzle Diameter on Tensile and Fracture Behavior of FDM-PLA Samples Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2023) 000 – 000 3rd International Workshop on Plasticity, Damage and Fracture of Engineering Materials (IWPDF 2023) Effect of Nozzle Diameter on Tensile and Fracture Behavior of FDM-PLA Samples Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2023) 000 – 000 3rd International Workshop on Plasticity, Damage and Fracture of Engineering Materials (IWPDF 2023) Effect of Nozzle Diameter on Tensile and Fracture Behavior of FDM-PLA Samples Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2023) 000 – 000 3rd International Workshop on Plasticity, Damage and Fracture of Engineering Materials (IWPDF 2023) Effect of Nozzle Diameter on Tensile and Fracture Behavior of FDM-PLA Samples Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2023) 000 – 000 3rd International Workshop on Plasticity, Damage and Fracture of Engineering Materials (IWPDF 2023) Effect of Nozzle Diameter on Tensile and Fracture Behavior of FDM-PLA Samples Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia Structural Integrity 61 (2024) 20–25 2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of IWPDF 2023 Chairman 10.1016/j.prostr.2024.06.004 2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V . This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of IWPDF 2023 2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V . This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of IWPDF 2023 2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V . This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of IWPDF 2023 2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V . This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of IWPDF 2023 * Corresponding author. Tel: (+9821) 77240540; Fax: (+9821) 77240488 E-mail address: m.ayat@iust.ac.ir 2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V . This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of IWPDF 2023 * Corresponding author. Tel: (+9821) 77240540; Fax: (+9821) 77240488 E-mail address: m.ayat@iust.ac.ir 2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V . This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of IWPDF 2023 Samykano et al. (2019) studied the influence of layer height, raster angle, and infill density on the basic mechanical properties of the FDM-ABS specimens. The obtained results revealed that the optimum values for layer height, raster angle, and infill density were 0.5 mm, 65 o , and 80%, respectively. According to the study * Corresponding author. Tel: (+9821) 77240540; Fax: (+9821) 77240488 E-mail address: m.ayat@iust.ac.ir 2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V . This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) 1. Introduction Additive Manufacturing (AM) techniques create a part layer upon layer and nowadays, many industries use these techniques to fabricate parts with complex geometries. Based on the ASTM-F52900 standard (2012), AM techniques are classified into seven different categories. Fused deposition Modeling (FDM) is a subcategory of AM processes that works by extruding a fine molten polymeric filament through a nozzle on the heated platform (printer bed). Some well-known materials that are mostly used for the FDM process are Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), Polylactic Acid (PLA), Nylon, etc. Besides, this technique has some manufacturing parameters such as printing speed, layer orientation, raster angle, nozzle diameter, etc. which have a great effect on the mechanical properties of the final printed part. Exploring the effects of the mentioned parameters on the mechanical performance of the FDM parts is an important issue. Samykano et al. (2019) studied the influence of layer height, raster angle, and infill density on the basic mechanical properties of the FDM-ABS specimens. The obtained results revealed that the optimum values for layer height, raster angle, and infill density were 0.5 mm, 65 o , and 80%, respectively. According to the study * Corresponding author. Tel: (+9821) 77240540; Fax: (+9821) 77240488 E-mail address: m.ayat@iust.ac.ir Abstract Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technique is a subcategory of additive manufacturing processes that works by extruding a fine polymeric filament on the heated bed. The current research paper surveys the influence of nozzle diameter as a manufacturing parameter on the mechanical properties and mode I fracture behavior of the FDM-PLA samples. Four different nozzle diameters of 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1 mm with two raster configurations of 0/90 o and 45/-45 o were considered for printing the dog-bone and Semi-Circular Bending (SCB) samples. Also, to evaluate the fracture resistance of FDM-PLA pre-cracked samples, the critical value of J-integral ( J c ) was used and calculated through a finite element analysis. The obtained results indicated that the raster angle of 45/-45 o resulted in higher mechanical properties compared to 0/90 o one, also, the 1 mm nozzle diameter presented a better performance from a mechanical property point of view. The SCB sample printed through the 1 mm nozzle diameter and 45/-45 o raster orientation had the highest value of J c (10400 J/m 2 ). Besides, the crack extension paths were monitored and discussed comprehensively. © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of IWPDF 2023 Keywords: Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM); Nozzle diameter; Mechanical properties; Fracture resistance 1. Introduction Additive Manufacturing (AM) techniques create a part layer upon layer and nowadays, many industries use these techniques to fabricate parts with complex geometries. Based on the ASTM-F52900 standard (2012), AM techniques are classified into seven different categories. Fused deposition Modeling (FDM) is a subcategory of AM processes that works by extruding a fine molten polymeric filament through a nozzle on the heated platform (printer bed). Some well-known materials that are mostly used for the FDM process are Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), Polylactic Acid (PLA), Nylon, etc. Besides, this technique has some manufacturing parameters such as printing speed, layer orientation, raster angle, nozzle diameter, etc. which have a great effect on the mechanical properties of the final printed part. Exploring the effects of the mentioned parameters on the mechanical performance of the FDM parts is an important issue. Samykano et al. (2019) studied the influence of layer height, raster angle, and infill density on the basic mechanical properties of the FDM-ABS specimens. The obtained results revealed that the optimum values for layer height, raster angle, and infill density were 0.5 mm, 65 o , and 80%, respectively. According to the study * Corresponding author. Tel: (+9821) 77240540; Fax: (+9821) 77240488 E-mail address: m.ayat@iust.ac.ir Abstract Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technique is a subcategory of additive manufacturing processes that works by extruding a fine polymeric filament on the heated bed. The current research paper surveys the influence of nozzle diameter as a manufacturing parameter on the mechanical properties and mode I fracture behavior of the FDM-PLA samples. Four different nozzle diameters of 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1 mm with two raster configurations of 0/90 o and 45/-45 o were considered for printing the dog-bone and Semi-Circular Bending (SCB) samples. Also, to evaluate the fracture resistance of FDM-PLA pre-cracked samples, the critical value of J-integral ( J c ) was used and calculated through a finite element analysis. The obtained results indicated that the raster angle of 45/-45 o resulted in higher mechanical properties compared to 0/90 o one, also, the 1 mm nozzle diameter presented a better performance from a mechanical property point of view. The SCB sample printed through the 1 mm nozzle diameter and 45/-45 o raster orientation had the highest value of J c (10400 J/m 2 ). Besides, the crack extension paths were monitored and discussed comprehensively. © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of IWPDF 2023 Keywords: Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM); Nozzle diameter; Mechanical properties; Fracture resistance 1. Introduction Additive Manufacturing (AM) techniques create a part layer upon layer and nowadays, many industries use these techniques to fabricate parts with complex geometries. Based on the ASTM-F52900 standard (2012), AM techniques are classified into seven different categories. Fused deposition Modeling (FDM) is a subcategory of AM processes that works by extruding a fine molten polymeric filament through a nozzle on the heated platform (printer bed). Some well-known materials that are mostly used for the FDM process are Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), Polylactic Acid (PLA), Nylon, etc. Besides, this technique has some manufacturing parameters such as printing speed, layer orientation, raster angle, nozzle diameter, etc. which have a great effect on the mechanical properties of the final printed part. Exploring the effects of the mentioned parameters on the mechanical performance of the FDM parts is an important issue. Samykano et al. (2019) studied the influence of layer height, raster angle, and infill density on the basic mechanical properties of the FDM-ABS specimens. The obtained results revealed that the optimum values for layer height, raster angle, and infill density were 0.5 mm, 65 o , and 80%, respectively. According to the study * Corresponding author. Tel: (+9821) 77240540; Fax: (+9821) 77240488 E-mail address: m.ayat@iust.ac.ir Abstract Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technique is a subcategory of additive manufacturing processes that works by extruding a fine polymeric filament on the heated bed. The current research paper surveys the influence of nozzle diameter as a manufacturing parameter on the mechanical properties and mode I fracture behavior of the FDM-PLA samples. Four different nozzle diameters of 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1 mm with two raster configurations of 0/90 o and 45/-45 o were considered for printing the dog-bone and Semi-Circular Bending (SCB) samples. Also, to evaluate the fracture resistance of FDM-PLA pre-cracked samples, the critical value of J-integral ( J c ) was used and calculated through a finite element analysis. The obtained results indicated that the raster angle of 45/-45 o resulted in higher mechanical properties compared to 0/90 o one, also, the 1 mm nozzle diameter presented a better performance from a mechanical property point of view. The SCB sample printed through the 1 mm nozzle diameter and 45/-45 o raster orientation had the highest value of J c (10400 J/m 2 ). Besides, the crack extension paths were monitored and discussed comprehensively. © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of IWPDF 2023 Keywords: Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM); Nozzle diameter; Mechanical properties; Fracture resistance 1. Introduction Additive Manufacturing (AM) techniques create a part layer upon layer and nowadays, many industries use these techniques to fabricate parts with complex geometries. Based on the ASTM-F52900 standard (2012), AM techniques are classified into seven different categories. Fused deposition Modeling (FDM) is a subcategory of AM processes that works by extruding a fine molten polymeric filament through a nozzle on the heated platform (printer bed). Some well-known materials that are mostly used for the FDM process are Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), Polylactic Acid (PLA), Nylon, etc. Besides, this technique has some manufacturing parameters such as printing speed, layer orientation, raster angle, nozzle diameter, etc. which have a great effect on the mechanical properties of the final printed part. Exploring the effects of the mentioned parameters on the mechanical performance of the FDM parts is an important issue. Samykano et al. (2019) studied the influence of layer height, raster angle, and infill density on the basic mechanical properties of the FDM-ABS specimens. The obtained results revealed that the optimum values for layer height, raster angle, and infill density were 0.5 mm, 65 o , and 80%, respectively. According to the study * Corresponding author. Tel: (+9821) 77240540; Fax: (+9821) 77240488 E-mail address: m.ayat@iust.ac.ir © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of IWPDF 2023 Chairman © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of IWPDF 2023 Abstract Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technique is a subcategory of additive manufacturing processes that works by extruding a fine polymeric filament on the heated bed. The current research paper surveys the influence of nozzle diameter as a manufacturing parameter on the mechanical properties and mode I fracture behavior of the FDM-PLA samples. Four different nozzle diameters of 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1 mm with two raster configurations of 0/90 o and 45/-45 o were considered for printing the dog-bone and Semi-Circular Bending (SCB) samples. Also, to evaluate the fracture resistance of FDM-PLA pre-cracked samples, the critical value of J-integral ( J c ) was used and calculated through a finite element analysis. The obtained results indicated that the raster angle of 45/-45 o resulted in higher mechanical properties compared to 0/90 o one, also, the 1 mm nozzle diameter presented a better performance from a mechanical property point of view. The SCB sample printed through the 1 mm nozzle diameter and 45/-45 o raster orientation had the highest value of J c (10400 J/m 2 ). Besides, the crack extension paths were monitored and discussed comprehensively. © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of IWPDF 2023 1. Introduction Additive Manufacturing (AM) techniques create a part layer upon layer and nowadays, many industries use these techniques to fabricate parts with complex geometries. Based on the ASTM-F52900 standard (2012), AM techniques are classified into seven different categories. Fused deposition Modeling (FDM) is a subcategory of AM processes that works by extruding a fine molten polymeric filament through a nozzle on the heated platform (printer bed). Some well-known materials that are mostly used for the FDM process are Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), Polylactic Acid (PLA), Nylon, etc. Besides, this technique has some manufacturing parameters such as printing speed, layer orientation, raster angle, nozzle diameter, etc. which have a great effect on the mechanical properties of the final printed part. Exploring the effects of the mentioned parameters on the mechanical performance of the FDM parts is an important issue. Samykano et al. (2019) studied the influence of layer height, raster angle, and infill density on the basic mechanical properties of the FDM-ABS specimens. The obtained results revealed that the optimum values for layer height, raster angle, and infill density were 0.5 mm, 65 o , and 80%, respectively. According to the study Abstract Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technique is a subcategory of additive manufacturing processes that works by extruding a fine polymeric filament on the heated bed. The current research paper surveys the influence of nozzle diameter as a manufacturing parameter on the mechanical properties and mode I fracture behavior of the FDM-PLA samples. Four different nozzle diameters of 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1 mm with two raster configurations of 0/90 o and 45/-45 o were considered for printing the dog-bone and Semi-Circular Bending (SCB) samples. Also, to evaluate the fracture resistance of FDM-PLA pre-cracked samples, the critical value of J-integral ( J c ) was used and calculated through a finite element analysis. The obtained results indicated that the raster angle of 45/-45 o resulted in higher mechanical properties compared to 0/90 o one, also, the 1 mm nozzle diameter presented a better performance from a mechanical property point of view. The SCB sample printed through the 1 mm nozzle diameter and 45/-45 o raster orientation had the highest value of J c (10400 J/m 2 ). Besides, the crack extension paths were monitored and discussed comprehensively. © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of IWPDF 2023 Keywords: Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM); Nozzle diameter; Mechanical properties; Fracture resistance 1. Introduction Additive Manufacturing (AM) techniques create a part layer upon layer and nowadays, many industries use these techniques to fabricate parts with complex geometries. Based on the ASTM-F52900 standard (2012), AM techniques are classified into seven different categories. Fused deposition Modeling (FDM) is a subcategory of AM processes that works by extruding a fine molten polymeric filament through a nozzle on the heated platform (printer bed). Some well-known materials that are mostly used for the FDM process are Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), Polylactic Acid (PLA), Nylon, etc. Besides, this technique has some manufacturing parameters such as printing speed, layer orientation, raster angle, nozzle diameter, etc. which have a great effect on the mechanical properties of the final printed part. Exploring the effects of the mentioned parameters on the mechanical performance of the FDM parts is an important issue. Samykano et al. (2019) studied the influence of layer height, raster angle, and infill density on the basic mechanical properties of the FDM-ABS specimens. The obtained results revealed that the optimum values for layer height, raster angle, and infill density were 0.5 mm, 65 o , and 80%, respectively. According to the study Abstract Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technique is a subcategory of additive manufacturing processes that works by extruding a fine polymeric filament on the heated bed. The current research paper surveys the influence of nozzle diameter as a manufacturing parameter on the mechanical properties and mode I fracture behavior of the FDM-PLA samples. Four different nozzle diameters of 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1 mm with two raster configurations of 0/90 o and 45/-45 o were considered for printing the dog-bone and Semi-Circular Bending (SCB) samples. Also, to evaluate the fracture resistance of FDM-PLA pre-cracked samples, the critical value of J-integral ( J c ) was used and calculated through a finite element analysis. The obtained results indicated that the raster angle of 45/-45 o resulted in higher mechanical properties compared to 0/90 o one, also, the 1 mm nozzle diameter presented a better performance from a mechanical property point of view. The SCB sample printed through the 1 mm nozzle diameter and 45/-45 o raster orientation had the highest value of J c (10400 J/m 2 ). Besides, the crack extension paths were monitored and discussed comprehensively. © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of IWPDF 2023 Keywords: Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM); Nozzle diameter; Mechanical properties; Fracture resistance 1. Introduction Additive Manufacturing (AM) techniques create a part layer upon layer and nowadays, many industries use these techniques to fabricate parts with complex geometries. Based on the ASTM-F52900 standard (2012), AM techniques are classified into seven different categories. Fused deposition Modeling (FDM) is a subcategory of AM processes that works by extruding a fine molten polymeric filament through a nozzle on the heated platform (printer bed). Some well-known materials that are mostly used for the FDM process are Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), Polylactic Acid (PLA), Nylon, etc. Besides, this technique has some manufacturing parameters such as printing speed, layer orientation, raster angle, nozzle diameter, etc. which have a great effect on the mechanical properties of the final printed part. Exploring the effects of the mentioned parameters on the mechanical performance of the FDM parts is an important issue. Samykano et al. (2019) studied the influence of layer height, raster angle, and infill density on the basic mechanical properties of the FDM-ABS specimens. The obtained results revealed that the optimum values for layer height, raster angle, and infill density were 0.5 mm, 65 o , and 80%, respectively. According to the study b Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentsk´a 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic Abstract Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technique is a subcategory of additive manufacturing processes that works by extruding a fine polymeric filament on the heated bed. The current research paper surveys the influence of nozzle diameter as a manufacturing parameter on the mechanical properties and mode I fracture behavior of the FDM-PLA samples. Four different nozzle diameters of 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1 mm with two raster configurations of 0/90 o and 45/-45 o were considered for printing the dog-bone and Semi-Circular Bending (SCB) samples. Also, to evaluate the fracture resistance of FDM-PLA pre-cracked samples, the critical value of J-integral ( J c ) was used and calculated through a finite element analysis. The obtained results indicated that the raster angle of 45/-45 o resulted in higher mechanical properties compared to 0/90 o one, also, the 1 mm nozzle diameter presented a better performance from a mechanical property point of view. The SCB sample printed through the 1 mm nozzle diameter and 45/-45 o raster orientation had the highest value of J c (10400 J/m 2 ). Besides, the crack extension paths were monitored and discussed comprehensively. © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of IWPDF 2023 Keywords: Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM); Nozzle diameter; Mechanical properties; Fracture resistance 1. Introduction Additive Manufacturing (AM) techniques create a part layer upon layer and nowadays, many industries use these techniques to fabricate parts with complex geometries. Based on the ASTM-F52900 standard (2012), AM techniques are classified into seven different categories. Fused deposition Modeling (FDM) is a subcategory of AM processes that works by extruding a fine molten polymeric filament through a nozzle on the heated platform (printer bed). Some well-known materials that are mostly used for the FDM process are Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), Polylactic Acid (PLA), Nylon, etc. Besides, this technique has some manufacturing parameters such as printing speed, layer orientation, raster angle, nozzle diameter, etc. which have a great effect on the mechanical properties of the final printed part. Exploring the effects of the mentioned parameters on the mechanical performance of the FDM parts is an important issue. Samykano et al. (2019) studied the influence of layer height, raster angle, and infill density on the basic mechanical properties of the FDM-ABS specimens. The obtained results revealed that the optimum values for layer height, raster angle, and infill density were 0.5 mm, 65 o , and 80%, respectively. According to the study a Fatigue and Fracture Research Laboratory, Center of Excellence in Experimental Solid Mechanics and Dynamics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak 16846, Tehran, Iran b Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentsk´a 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic Abstract Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technique is a subcategory of additive manufacturing processes that works by extruding a fine polymeric filament on the heated bed. The current research paper surveys the influence of nozzle diameter as a manufacturing parameter on the mechanical properties and mode I fracture behavior of the FDM-PLA samples. Four different nozzle diameters of 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1 mm with two raster configurations of 0/90 o and 45/-45 o were considered for printing the dog-bone and Semi-Circular Bending (SCB) samples. Also, to evaluate the fracture resistance of FDM-PLA pre-cracked samples, the critical value of J-integral ( J c ) was used and calculated through a finite element analysis. The obtained results indicated that the raster angle of 45/-45 o resulted in higher mechanical properties compared to 0/90 o one, also, the 1 mm nozzle diameter presented a better performance from a mechanical property point of view. The SCB sample printed through the 1 mm nozzle diameter and 45/-45 o raster orientation had the highest value of J c (10400 J/m 2 ). Besides, the crack extension paths were monitored and discussed comprehensively. © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of IWPDF 2023 Keywords: Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM); Nozzle diameter; Mechanical properties; Fracture resistance 1. Introduction Additive Manufacturing (AM) techniques create a part layer upon layer and nowadays, many industries use these techniques to fabricate parts with complex geometries. Based on the ASTM-F52900 standard (2012), AM techniques are classified into seven different categories. Fused deposition Modeling (FDM) is a subcategory of AM processes that works by extruding a fine molten polymeric filament through a nozzle on the heated platform (printer bed). Some well-known materials that are mostly used for the FDM process are Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), Polylactic Acid (PLA), Nylon, etc. Besides, this technique has some manufacturing parameters such as printing speed, layer orientation, raster angle, nozzle diameter, etc. which have a great effect on the mechanical properties of the final printed part. Exploring the effects of the mentioned parameters on the mechanical performance of the FDM parts is an important issue. Shadi Salamatian Hosseini a , Amir Nabavi-Kivi a , Majid R Ayatollahi a* , Michal Petru b a Fatigue and Fracture Research Laboratory, Center of Excellence in Experimental Solid Mechanics and Dynamics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak 16846, Tehran, Iran b Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentsk´a 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic Abstract Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technique is a subcategory of additive manufacturing processes that works by extruding a fine polymeric filament on the heated bed. The current research paper surveys the influence of nozzle diameter as a manufacturing parameter on the mechanical properties and mode I fracture behavior of the FDM-PLA samples. Four different nozzle diameters of 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1 mm with two raster configurations of 0/90 o and 45/-45 o were considered for printing the dog-bone and Semi-Circular Bending (SCB) samples. Also, to evaluate the fracture resistance of FDM-PLA pre-cracked samples, the critical value of J-integral ( J c ) was used and calculated through a finite element analysis. The obtained results indicated that the raster angle of 45/-45 o resulted in higher mechanical properties compared to 0/90 o one, also, the 1 mm nozzle diameter presented a better performance from a mechanical property point of view. The SCB sample printed through the 1 mm nozzle diameter and 45/-45 o raster orientation had the highest value of J c (10400 J/m 2 ). Besides, the crack extension paths were monitored and discussed comprehensively. © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of IWPDF 2023 Keywords: Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM); Nozzle diameter; Mechanical properties; Fracture resistance Shadi Salamatian Hosseini a , Amir Nabavi-Kivi a , Majid R Ayatollahi a* , Michal Petru b a Fatigue and Fracture Research Laboratory, Center of Excellence in Experimental Solid Mechanics and Dynamics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak 16846, Tehran, Iran b Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentsk´a 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic Shadi Salamatian Hosseini a , Amir Nabavi-Kivi a , Majid R Ayatollahi a* , Michal Petru b a Fatigue and Fracture Research Laboratory, Center of Excellence in Experimental Solid Mechanics and Dynamics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak 16846, Tehran, Iran b Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentsk´a 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic Shadi Salamatian Hosseini a , Amir Nabavi-Kivi a , Majid R Ayatollahi a* , Michal Petru b a Fatigue and Fracture Research Laboratory, Center of Excellence in Experimental Solid Mechanics and Dynamics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak 16846, Tehran, Iran b Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentsk´a 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2023) 000 – 000 Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2023) 000 – 000 ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2023) 000 – 000 ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Shadi Salamatian Hosseini a , Amir Nabavi-Kivi a , Majid R Ayatollahi a* , Michal Petru b Shadi Salamatian Hosseini a , Amir Nabavi-Kivi a , Majid R Ayatollahi a* , Michal Petru b Shadi Salamatian Hosseini a , Amir Nabavi-Kivi a , Majid R Ayatollahi a* , Michal Petru b Shadi Salamatian Hosseini a , Amir Nabavi-Kivi a , Majid R Ayatollahi a* , Michal Petru b Shadi Salamatian Hosseini a , Amir Nabavi-Kivi a , Majid R Ayatollahi a* , Michal Petru b Shadi Salamatian Hosseini a , Amir Nabavi-Kivi a , Majid R Ayatollahi a* , Michal Petru b a Fatigue and Fracture Research Laboratory, Center of Excellence in Experimental Solid Mechanics and Dynamics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak 16846, Tehran, Iran a Fatigue and Fracture Research Laboratory, Center of Excellence in Experimental Solid Mechanics and Dynamics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak 16846, Tehran, Iran a Fatigue and Fracture Research Laboratory, Center of Excellence in Experimental Solid Mechanics and Dynamics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak 16846, Tehran, Iran a Fatigue and Fracture Research Laboratory, Center of Excellence in Experimental Solid Mechanics and Dynamics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak 16846, Tehran, Iran a Fatigue and Fracture Research Laboratory, Center of Excellence in Experimental Solid Mechanics and Dynamics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak 16846, Tehran, Iran b Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentsk´a 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic b Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentsk´a 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic b Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentsk´a 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic b Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentsk´a 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic Abstract Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technique is a subcategory of additive manufacturing processes that works by extruding a fine polymeric filament on the heated bed. The current research paper surveys the influence of nozzle diameter as a manufacturing parameter on the mechanical properties and mode I fracture behavior of the FDM-PLA samples. Four different nozzle diameters of 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1 mm with two raster configurations of 0/90 o and 45/-45 o were considered for printing the dog-bone and Semi-Circular Bending (SCB) samples. Also, to evaluate the fracture resistance of FDM-PLA pre-cracked samples, the critical value of J-integral ( J c ) was used and calculated through a finite element analysis. The obtained results indicated that the raster angle of 45/-45 o resulted in higher mechanical properties compared to 0/90 o one, also, the 1 mm nozzle diameter presented a better performance from a mechanical property point of view. The SCB sample printed through the 1 mm nozzle diameter and 45/-45 o raster orientation had the highest value of J c (10400 J/m 2 ). Besides, the crack extension paths were monitored and discussed comprehensively. Keywords: Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM); Nozzle diameter; Mechanical properties; Fracture resistance Keywords: Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM); Nozzle diameter; Mechanical properties; Fracture resistance 1. Introduction Additive Manufacturing (AM) techniques create a part layer upon layer and nowadays, many industries use these techniques to fabricate parts with complex geometries. Based on the ASTM-F52900 standard (2012), AM techniques are classified into seven different categories. Fused deposition Modeling (FDM) is a subcategory of AM processes that works by extruding a fine molten polymeric filament through a nozzle on the heated platform (printer bed). Some well-known materials that are mostly used for the FDM process are Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), Polylactic Acid (PLA), Nylon, etc. Besides, this technique has some manufacturing parameters such as printing speed, layer orientation, raster angle, nozzle diameter, etc. which have a great effect on the mechanical properties of the final printed part. Exploring the effects of the mentioned parameters on the mechanical performance of the FDM parts is an important issue. Samykano et al. (2019) studied the influence of layer height, raster angle, and infill density on the basic mechanical properties of the FDM-ABS specimens. The obtained results revealed that the optimum values for layer height, raster angle, and infill density were 0.5 mm, 65 o , and 80%, respectively. According to the study * Corresponding author. Tel: (+9821) 77240540; Fax: (+9821) 77240488 E-mail address: m.ayat@iust.ac.ir * Corresponding author. Tel: (+9821) 77240540; Fax: (+9821) 77240488 E-mail address: m.ayat@iust.ac.ir * Corresponding author. Tel: (+9821) 77240540; Fax: (+9821) 77240488 E-mail address: m.ayat@iust.ac.ir www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia