PSI - Issue 61

Artem Pepeliaev et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 61 (2024) 224–231 Artem Pepeliaev / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000 – 000

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Fig. 2 showed that the samples produced with a 0.4 mm nozzle in most cases have lower strength compared to the samples printed with a 0.8 mm nozzle. The exception is PA12, the tensile strength of which changed slightly, as did the normal elastic modulus, however, a significant increase was observed in plastic deformations sustained to failure. In turn, samples with an ABS and PET-G matrix made with a 0.8 mm nozzle showed an increase in the tensile strength and elastic modulus; in the case of samples made from PET-G with an infill angle of 90º, a decrease in characteristics was observed. The 0.8 mm nozzle greatly influenced the plastic properties of PA12. ABS and PET-G acquired an increased strength value. 3.2. Properties of reinforced samples The grouping of reinforced samples is given in Table 3, which provides a detailed overview of the various reinforced materials and their characteristics. Stress-strain plots for reinforced materials are presented in Fig. 3.

Table 3. Tensile test results for filled materials

Material ABS+CF

Nozzle diameter, mm Infill angle, o

Modulus of elasticity, GPa Tensile strength, MPa

0.4

0

9.24±0.16 4.23±0.25 9.14±0.20 6.02±0.40 6.98±0.17 2.12±0.15 6.61±0.13 1.77±0.10 8.31±0.21 4.26±0.41 8.37±0.26 5.83±0.51 6.54±0.24 3.81±0.17 8.78±0.15 4.43±0.34

70.14±2.61 27.36±2.87 79.12±1.65 44.62±3.12 47.79±3.08 17.45±1.91 45.12±2.71 12.08±1.74 69.63±2.62 28.36±3.72 76.31±2.53 41.11±3.17 36.19±3.88 17.71±1.25 52.93±2.31 18.78±2.37

90

0.8

0

90

PA12+CF

0.4

0

90

0.8

0

90

ABS+GF

0.4

0

90

0.8

0

90

PET-G+GF

0.4

0

90

0.8

0

90

Based on the experimental data presented in Table 3, the following conclusions can be made about the influence of different parameters on the mechanical properties of the samples. The use of a nozzle with a diameter of 0.8 mm, compared to 0.4 mm, was found to be most advantageous in improving the mechanical properties of the filled ABS+CF samples with 90° infill angle. In this case, the tensile strength and the elastic modulus increased by more than 63% and 42%, respectively. For ABS+GF samples, there is an increase in tensile strength by 44% and in elastic modulus by 36%. The inverse effect was observed in the case of the PA12+CF samples, where the tensile strength and Young's modulus values decreased by 30% and 16%, respectively. The greatest effect of a 0.8 mm nozzle on specimens with infill angle 0° was determined for PET-G+GF, with an increase in tensile strength by 46% and an increase in elastic modulus by 34%. For ABS specimens reinforced with CF and GF, the increase in tensile strength was 12% and 10%, respectively. However, its effect on the normal elastic modulus was found to be negligible, with a decrease of 1.08% for ABS+CF and an increase of 0.72% for ABS+GF. The mechanical properties of PA12+CF samples showed a decrease in strength and stiffness values by 5.59% and 5.3%, respectively. The stress-strain curves for short fiber-reinforced samples are presented in Fig. 3.