PSI - Issue 54

Norman Osa-uwagboe et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 54 (2024) 44–51 Author name / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000 – 000

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by 26.7 % and 34.1 % after exposure for GS and CS, respectively, while the primary damage phenomena for both structures were fibre breakage, delamination, core crushing, and core/face sheet bonding. The results from this study provide insight into the examination of the multiscale damage characterization of sandwich structures with foam cores exposed to seawater. Acknowledgments The financial support of the Nigerian Air Force under grant OPS/1282DTG27145AJUL21 is gratefully acknowledged as well as technical support from Loughborough University, UK. References [1] Robin A, Davies P, Arhant M, Le Jeune S, Lacotte N, Morineau E, et al. Mechanical performance of sandwich materials with reduced environmental impact for marine structures. J Sandw Struct Mater 2023:109963622211279. https://doi.org/10.1177/10996362221127975. [2] Balıkoğlu F, Arslan N, Demircioğlu TK, İnal O, İren M, Ataş A. Improving four -point bending performance of marine composite sandwich beams by core modification. J Compos Mater 2020;54:1049–66. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998319874502. [3] Altin Karataş M, Gökkaya H. A review on machinability of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) and glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite materials. Defence Technology 2018;14:318 –26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2018.02.001. [4] Osa -uwagboe N, Silberschimdt V V, Aremi A, Demirci E. Mechanical behaviour of fabric-reinforced plastic sandwich structures: A state-of-the-art review. J Sandw Struct Mater 2023:109963622311704. https://doi.org/10.1177/10996362231170405. [5] Osa -uwagboe N, Udu AG, Silberschmidt V V., Baxe vanakis KP, Demirci E. Damage Assessment of Glass - Fibre Reinforced Plastic Structures under Quasi- Static Indentation with Acoustic Emission. Materials 2023;16:5036. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16145036. [6] EASYCell 75 closed-cell PVC foam Specifications dat asheet n.d. https://www.easycomposites.co.uk/ (accessed June 10, 2023). [7] International A. D6264/D6264M - 17: Standard Test Method for Measuring the Damage Resistance of a Fiber Reinforced Polymer-Matrix Composite to a Concentrated Quasi- Static Indentation Force. ASTM International 2018;98:1–12. https://doi.org/10.1520/D6264. [8] Reis JML, Coelho JLV, Monteiro AH, Da Costa Mattos HS. Tensile behavior of glass/epoxy laminates at varying strain rates and temperatures. Compos B Eng 2012;43:2041–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2012.02.005. [9] Jefferson AJ, Arumugam V, Ramesh C, Poorani S, Santulli C. Quasi-static indentation properties of damaged glass/epoxy composite laminates repaired by the application of intra- ply hybrid patches. Polym Test 2017;61 :132– 45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2017.05.014. [10] Geren N, Acer DC, Uzay C, Bayramoglu M. The effect of boron carbide additive on the low -velocity impact properties of low-density foam core composite sandwich structures. Polym Compos 2021;42:2037–49. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.25957.