PSI - Issue 54

Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2023) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2023) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect

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Procedia Structural Integrity 54 (2024) 482–489

International Conference on Structural Integrity 2023 (ICSI 2023) SAMAS 2: Structural health and ballistic impact monitoring and prognosis on a military helicopter International Conference on Structural Integrity 2023 (ICSI 2023) SAMAS 2: Structural health and ballistic impact monitoring and prognosis on a military helicopter

Vasiliki Panagiotopoulou a *, Claudio Sbarufatti a , Marco Giglio a a Politecnico di Milano, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Via La Masa 1, 20156, Milano, Italy Vasiliki Panagiotopoulou a *, Claudio Sbarufatti a , Marco Giglio a a Politecnico di Milano, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Via La Masa 1, 20156, Milano, Italy

© 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 ) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the ICSI 2023 organizers Abstract The development of a Structural Health Monitoring and Prognosis (SHMP) tool for corrosion degradation and bullet impact damages is matter of SAMAS 2, a project coordinated by the European Defense Agency (EDA) and funded by 2 EDA Member States (Italy and Poland). The aim of SAMAS 2 is to increase the machine availability by directly monitoring the corrosion degradation as well as detecting the ballistic impact occurrence and - in case of crack nucleation - monitoring its propagation inside the structure, concept at the basis of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) systems. In this way it would be possible to get a real time knowledge about the damage situation, thus setting a Condition Based Maintenance (CBM). The current paper is a summary of the advances in the project, covering all the involved engineering areas, from the adopted sensor network to the FEM simulation based on Reduced Order Modelling techniques and coupling with Machine Learning algorithms (Digital-Twin model), thus coming to the definition of a robust methodology for SHM design. The possibilities for result exploitation, as well as the points requiring further advances, are going to be presented. © 2023 The Authors, Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the ICSI 2023 organizers Keywords: damage identification; grey box modelling; domain adaptation; surrogate modelling; helicopter; ballistic impact; corrosion monitoring Abstract The development of a Structural Health Monitoring and Prognosis (SHMP) tool for corrosion degradation and bullet impact damages is matter of SAMAS 2, a project coordinated by the European Defense Agency (EDA) and funded by 2 EDA Member States (Italy and Poland). The aim of SAMAS 2 is to increase the machine availability by directly monitoring the corrosion degradation as well as detecting the ballistic impact occurrence and - in case of crack nucleation - monitoring its propagation inside the structure, concept at the basis of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) systems. In this way it would be possible to get a real time knowledge about the damage situation, thus setting a Condition Based Maintenance (CBM). The current paper is a summary of the advances in the project, covering all the involved engineering areas, from the adopted sensor network to the FEM simulation based on Reduced Order Modelling techniques and coupling with Machine Learning algorithms (Digital-Twin model), thus coming to the definition of a robust methodology for SHM design. The possibilities for result exploitation, as well as the points requiring further advances, are going to be presented. © 2023 The Authors, Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the ICSI 2023 organizers Keywords: damage identification; grey box modelling; domain adaptation; surrogate modelling; helicopter; ballistic impact; corrosion monitoring

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +0-022-399-8475. E-mail address: vasiliki.panagiotopoulou@polimi.it * Corresponding author. Tel.: +0-022-399-8475. E-mail address: vasiliki.panagiotopoulou@polimi.it

2452-3216 © 2023 The Authors, Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the ICSI 2023 organizers 2452-3216 © 2023 The Authors, Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the ICSI 2023 organizers

2452-3216 © 2023 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the ICSI 2023 organizers 10.1016/j.prostr.2024.01.110