PSI - Issue 53

C.T. Duarte et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 53 (2024) 299–308 Duarte et al./ Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2023) 000–000

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Fig. 5. Representative tensile stress-strain curves of unaged and aged specimens.

Fig. 6. Quantitative data as a function of hybridization: (a) tensile strength; (b) modulus.

Flexural properties Fig. 7 presents the representative flexural stress-strain curves for all specimens tested as a function of hybridization architecture while Fig. 8 presents the quantitative test data. From Fig. 7, it can be observed that the multi-materials exhibited distinct behaviours. The representative curve of the configuration with a lower number of ABS layers (A1P13A1) resembled the curve of pure PLA, while the other two configurations exhibited a behaviour similar to the pure ABS. In Figure 8a, it can be seen that as the number of PLA layers increases, the flexural strength also increases, similar to tensile strength. This is due to the higher number of PLA layers, which possess superior mechanical properties and are closer to the layers experiencing maximum tensile and compressive stress (outer layers). Configurations A5P5A5 and A1P13A1 showed variations of approximately 12% and 16% compared to the pure ABS, while A3P9A3 showed no significant variation. Comparing with pure PLA, A5P5A5, A3P9A3, and A1P13A1 exhibited variations of approximately 48%, 26%, and 14%, respectively. From Fig. 8b, quantitative flexural modulus data can be observed. The highest stiffness was observed for the A1P13A1 configuration (2.13 GPa), with a variation of approximately 21% and 16% compared to the A5P5A5 and A3P9A3 configurations, respectively. When compared to pure ABS, the only configuration that did not vary was A1P13A1, while compared to pure PLA, all configurations showed significant variation.

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