PSI - Issue 53

Benjamin Möller et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 53 (2024) 190–202 Author name / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2023) 000–000

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Fig. 10. FE sub-model representations and results of the convergence study for the meshing.

3.2. FE simulation of the axial bending load case Once stl-data files of the hollow structure specimens from the handlebars are imported into Abaqus, the FE models are meshed so that the elements of the envelope replicate the outer surface as it was obtained from the ‘Blender model’, Fig. 11 right. Then, to reproduce the loading condition of the fatigue tests, two reference points (RP) were defined: RP1 and RP2, as shown in Fig. 11 left. The first one (RP1) was rigidly connected to the nodes located in the bottom surface element nodes of the specimen, while the second one (RP2) was rigidly connected to the nodes located in the top surface, cf. Fig.11. Hence, RP1 was a fixed point used as a bearing, while on RP2 the load (marked with the symbol F for force in Fig. 11) was introduced. This created a loading condition of simultaneously in phase axial and bending load (upside down compared with the physical fatigue test). A bilinear elastic-plastic law was used as material model. For every hollow structure specimen tested a static load simulation focusing on peak stress was performed.

Fig. 11. Setup of the FE model and simulation.

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