PSI - Issue 48

Igor Shardakov et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 48 (2023) 127–134 Shardakov et al/ StructuralIntegrity Procedia 00 (2023) 000 – 000

129

3

а

b

shaft structure

wind pressure

Tº-deformations

contact with mine head

dead load

65 m

deformation interaction of mine head with soil

contact with soil

skip shaft head

skip

ground surface

sand chalk

skip shaft

sand

ice barrier

skip weight

clay

salt rock

800 m

salt rock

Fig. 1. (a) photo of the structure; (b) diagram of the main structural elements and loads

Data collection from blocks of primary sensors is carried out by a program for automatic polling of sensors, which is controlled remotely from the central server of the monitoring system located at the Institute of Continuum Mechanics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, (Perm, Russia). The central server also accumulates and pre-processes the collected information. The data collected from the primary sensors are transferred to the mathematical modeling unit, which calculates the stress-strain state of all structural elements and compares the controlled deformation parameters with the maximum allowable values. The system is supplemented with a block for visualizing observational data and preparing them for presentation on the website. The developed website of the monitoring system can be accessed by authorized persons who assess the current situation and make management decisions. Figure 2 schematically represents the location of the main blocks of sensors included in the monitoring system. The distribution of sensors of hydraulic leveling systems, strain gauges and temperature measurements is shown on the design plan in a horizontal plane; sets of sensors are installed on the supporting columns of the structure (Fig. 2a). The distribution of inclinometers and vibration sensors is shown on the frontal projection of the structure (Fig. 2b and 2c). Hydraulic leveling unit The hydraulic leveling unit contains 15 sensors installed on the bearing columns at a height of 4.7m above ground. The sensors are combined into 2 closed loops (Fig. 2a, blue lines). The sensors are connected by polymer tubes filled with ethylene glycol solution. The liquid level in measuring vessels is recorded using IP cameras. The range of registration of vertical displacements is 0 - 60 mm, the measurement accuracy is ~0.1 mm. During the observation, the hydraulic leveling system showed a change in the position of all structural supports relative to the columns resting on the concrete head of the mine shaft. Fig. 3a shows the readings of the sensors of the left loop relative to the sensor installed on column C2, and Fig. 3b shows the readings of the sensors of the right loop relative to the sensor on column C3. Both of these columns rest on the concrete head of the shaft. This data demonstrates that within 1.5 years of observation, the shaft head has risen relative to other structural elements. At the same time, seasonal changes in the settlement of load-bearing columns were recorded.