PSI - Issue 47

Muhammad Imaduddin Hanif et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 47 (2023) 125–132 Hanif et al. / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000 – 000

130

6

Figure 6. Load-shortening curve of short heavy model based on IACS-CSR.

Figure 7. Load-shortening curve of short medium model based on IACS-CSR.

Figure 8. Load-shortening curve of short light model based on IACS-CSR.

The value taken for the buckling mode in the IACS-CSR method uses the lowest ultimate strength value. It can be seen in Figs. 6-8 that the entire model collapses in torsional buckling. This pattern can be seen in Figures 6 to 8 where the graph that has the lowest ultimate strength value is the torsional buckling graph.

Figure 9. Load-shortening curve of short heavy model based on FEM.

Figure 9 displays the calculation results on the short heavy model using the FEM method. The graph displays the Stress vs Relative Strain curve on the short heavy model for four variations of imperfection values, 2.5%, 25%, 100%, and 300%. It can be seen that the imperfection values of 2.5% and 25% have higher ultimate strength values than the ultimate strength values based on the IACS-CSR method where the torsional buckling values are taken in this case