PSI - Issue 42

Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2022) 000 – 000

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

ScienceDirect

Procedia Structural Integrity 42 (2022) 118–124

© 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 23 European Conference on Fracture – ECF23 Abstract Earth building techniques have been around for thousands of years. Among them, it is worth mentioning: cut blocks, poured earth, superadobe, adobe, cob, rammed earth, compressed stabilised earth blocks, wattle and daub, shaped earth, and straw-clay. An innovative technique among the earth building ones, and named shot-earth technique, is the topic of the present paper. The technology employs a specific mixture of the shot-earth (named shot-earth 772) consisting of 7 parts of excavated soil, 7 parts of aggregates and 2 parts of cement (by volume): the mixture stream is projected at high velocity onto a surface, adding about 3% of water (by volume) at the spraying nozzle. The present research work deals with the numerical simulation of the fracture behaviour of the shot-earth 772. More precisely, an experimental campaign performed to compute the fracture toughness of the material is here numerically simulated. To such an aim, a homemade Finite Element numerical model, developed in standard Fortran language, is used to simulate both flexural and fracture tests on the shot-earth considered. In fact, such a model is able to properly consider. The material fracture process is described by means of a cohesive law, which is introduced within the cracked zone, whereas an elastic law is adopted for the un-cracked region of the material. Subsequently, the Modified Two-Parameter Model is used in order to compute the fracture toughness, from both the experimental fracture tests and the corresponding numerical simulations. Finally, the numerical results are compared with the experimental ones. © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Peer-review under responsibility of 23 European Conference on Fracture - ECF23 Keywords: cohesive law; FE numerical mdel; fracture toughness; Modified Two Parameter Model; shot-earth 772. This is an open access article under the CC 23 European Conference on Fracture - ECF23 Numerical simulation of fracture behaviour of the shot-earth 772 Andrea Zanichelli a, *, Sabrina Vantadori a , Camilla Ronchei b , Daniela Scorza c a Department of Engineering & Architecture, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 181/A, 43124 Parma, Italy b Department of Civil Engineering, University of Calabria, via Pietro Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy c Department of Engineering, University of Naples Parthenope, Centro Direzionale Isola C4, 80143 Napoli, Italy Andrea Zanichelli a, *, Sabrina a b Dani c Department of Engineering & Architecture, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 181/A, 43124 Parma, Italy

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +39-0521-905923 . E-mail address: andrea.zanichelli@unipr.it

2452-3216 © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Peer-review under responsibility of 23 European Conference on Fracture - ECF23

2452-3216 © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 23 European Conference on Fracture – ECF23 10.1016/j.prostr.2022.12.014