PSI - Issue 42

Gauri Mahalle et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 42 (2022) 570–577 Mahalle et al./ Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000 – 000

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= 6.73 { [ 4.52 × 10 8 ] 2. 1 95 + [( 4.52 × 10 8 ) 2. 2 95 + 1] 1 2 } ̇ = 4.52 × 10 8 [sin ℎ(0.23τ) 2.95 ] (− 262 , 330 )

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4. Conclusions The hot shear deformation behavior of T91 steel has been investigated at 400 – 550°C temperatures range and shear strain rate of 0.003 – 0.3 mm/min. The following conclusions can be drawn. 1. The shear deformation behavior is significantly affected by test temperature and strain rates in T91 steel. The DSA phenomena is observed at temperature of 550°C and a shear strain rate of 0.0003 mm/min. 2. Constitutive parameters in the exponential power-law, and hyperbolic sine equations for SPT have been calculated by converting the corresponding tensile deformation parameters. 3. The prediction capability of proposed model shows higher correlation coefficient. The average activation energy is observed as 262.33 kJ/mol with sine-hyperbolic stress exponents in the range of 2.2-3.3. Acknowledgements The authors (GM, AAM and WEL) are funded through the Sêr Cymru II 80761-BU-103 project by Welsh European Funding Office (WEFO) under the European Development Fund (ERDF). The authors acknowledge the experimental support provided by the Swansea Materials Research & Testing Ltd (SMaRT), Institute of Structural Materials (ISM), Swansea. References Altstadt, E., H. E. Ge, V. Kuksenko, M. Serrano, M. Houska, M. Lasan, M. Bruchhausen, J. M. Lapetite, and Y. Dai. 2016b. Critical Evaluation of the Small Punch Test as a Screening Procedure for Mechanical Properties. Journal of Nuclear Materials 472:186 – 95. Anon. 2020. ASTM E3205-20:Standard Test Method for Small Punch Testing of Metallic Materials. 1 – 12. Arroyo, B., J. A. Álvarez, R. Lacalle, C. Uribe, T. E. García, and C. Rodríguez. 2017. Analysis of Key Factors of Hydrogen Environmental Assisted Cracking Evaluation by Small Punch Test on Medium and High Strength Steels. Materials Science and Engineering: A 691:180 – 94. Arunkumar, S. 2020. Overview of Small Punch Test. Metals and Materials International 26(6):719 – 38. Bruchhausen, M., S. Holmström, I. Simonovski, T. Austin, J. M. Lapetite, S. Ripplinger, and F. de Haan. 2016. Recent Developments in Small Punch Testing: Tensile Properties and DBTT. Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics 86:2 – 10. Contreras, M. A., Cristina Rodríguez, F. J. Belzunce, and C. Betegón. 2008. Use of the Small Punch Test to Determine the Ductile-to-Brittle Transition Temperature of Structural Steels. Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures 31(9):727 – 37. Cuesta, I. I., J. M. Alegre, and M. Lorenzo. 2014. Influence of Strain State in Mechanical Behaviour of Aluminium Alloys Using the Small Punch Test. Materials & Design (1980-2015) 54:291 – 94. Dieter George E, 1988, Mechanical Metallurgy, McGraw-Hill Book Company-London. Fernández, M., C. Rodríguez, F. J. Belzunce, and T. E. García. 2017. Use of Small Punch Test to Estimate the Mechanical Properties of Sintered Products and Application to Synchronizer Hubs. Metal Powder Report 72(5):355 – 60. García, T. E., C. Rodríguez, F. J. Belzunce, and C. Suárez. 2014. Estimation of the Mechanical Properties of Metallic Materials by Means of the Small Punch Test. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 582:708 – 17. Hussein, Esam M. A. 2020. Emerging Small Modular Nuclear Power Reactors: A Critical Review. Physics Open 5:100038. Jeffs, S. P., R. J. Lancaster, and T. E. Garcia. 2015. Creep Lifing Methodologies Applied to a Single Crystal Superalloy by Use of Small-Scale Test Techniques. Materials Science and Engineering: A 636:529 – 35. Karami M, Mahmudi R. 2014. Hot shear deformation constitutive analysis and processing map of extruded Mg – 12Li – 1Zn bccalloy. Material Design 53:534 – 9. Lancaster, R. J., S. P. Jeffs, B. J. Haigh, and N. C. Barnard. 2022. “Derivation of Material Properties Using Small Punch and Shear Punch Test Methods.” Materials & Design 215:110473. Lucas, G. E. 1990. Review of Small Specimen Test Techniques for Irradiation Testing. Metallurgical Transactions A 21(4):1105–19. Manahan, M. P., A. E. Browning, A. S. Argon, and O. K. Harling. 1986. Miniaturized Disk Bend Test Technique Development and Application. ASTM.